Table 3 Analyses for repeated high systolic blood pressure by maternal and child characteristics
From: Repeated high blood pressure at 6 and 11 years at the Pelotas 2004 birth cohort study
Characteristics | Repeated High Systolic Blood Pressure | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude OR | (95% CI) | P * | Adjusted OR | (95% CI) | P * | |
Sex | 0.015 | 0.025 | ||||
Male | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
Female | 0.49 | (0.28–0.88) | 0.51 | (0.29–0.92) | ||
Skin color | 0.304 | 0.789 | ||||
White | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
Non-white | 0.73 | (0.39–1.35) | 0.91 | (0.47–1.76) | ||
Gestational diabetes | 0.038 | 0.027 | ||||
No | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
Yes | 3.15 | (1.23–8.09) | 2.92 | (1.13–7.58) | ||
Hypertension in pregnancy | 0.155 | 0.236 | ||||
No | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
Yes | 1.55 | (0.86–2.78) | 1.44 | (0.79–2.64) | ||
Maternal age at childbirth | 0.818 | 0.866 | ||||
≤ 20 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
21–25 | 0.93 | (0.42–2.09) | 0.88 | (0.38–2.04) | ||
26–30 | 1.01 | (0.44–2.30) | 0.68 | (0.67–3.41) | ||
> 30 | 1.30 | (0.62–2.71) | 0.89 | (0.30–6.25) | ||
Family history hypertension | 0.657 | 0.704 | ||||
None | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
From mother | 1.04 | (0.43–2.49) | 0.80 | (0.31–2.06) | ||
From father | 1.56 | (0.72–3.41) | 1.48 | (0.66–3.31) | ||
From both | 1.82 | (0.43–7.75) | 1.32 | (0.29–6.00) | ||
Household income (quintiles) | 0.144 | 0.240 | ||||
1 (poorest) | 0.55 | (0.24–1.26) | 0.59 | (0.25–1.37) | ||
2 | 0.34 | (0.13–0.88) | 0.37 | (0.14–0.97) | ||
3 | 0.77 | (0.37–1.61) | 0.79 | (0.37–1.70) | ||
4 | 0.49 | (0.21–1.11) | 0.51 | (0.22–1.17) | ||
5 (wealthiest) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
Smoking during pregnancy | 0.822 | 0.885 | ||||
No | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
Yes | 1.07 | (0.59–1.96) | 1.05 | (0.54–2.04) | ||
Birth weight | 0.480 | 0.501 | ||||
≥ 2500 g | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
< 2500 g | 1.38 | (0.58–3.26) | 1.44 | (0.50–4.12) | ||
Weight-for-gestational age | 0.830 | 0.972 | ||||
Small | 1.28 | (0.59–2.74) | 0.93 | (0.33–2.64) | ||
Adequate | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
Large | 1.07 | (0.38–3.00) | 0.89 | (0.30–2.64) | ||
Gestational age (weeks) | 0.252 | 0.135 | ||||
< 34 | 0.91 | (0.12–6.70) | 1.05 | (0.14–7.79) | ||
34–36 | 1.87 | (0.93–3.76) | 2.05 | (1.01–4.16) | ||
≥ 37 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
Physical activity at 11 years | 0.381 | 0.290 | ||||
Active | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
No active | 1.33 | (0.69–2.54) | 1.43 | (0.74–2.76) | ||
Sodium intake (mg) (quintiles) | 0.416 | 0.322 | ||||
1 (lowest) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
2 | 1.78 | (0.66–4.85) | 1.80 | (0.64–5.05) | ||
3 | 2.30 | (0.88–6.01) | 2.63 | (0.97–7.14) | ||
4 | 1.48 | (0.52–4.19) | 1.90 | (0.65–5.60) | ||
5 (highest) | 2.14 | (0.81–5.67) | 2.82 | (0.97–8.19) | ||
Weekly consumption of chips | 0.236 | 0.387 | ||||
None | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
Up to 1 package | 0.80 | (0.35–1.85) | 1.02 | (0.41–2.53) | ||
2 packages | 0.39 | (0.14–1.12) | 0.51 | (0.17–1.58) | ||
≥ 3 packages | 0.72 | (0.27–1.95) | 1.15 | (0.39–3.39) | ||
BMI-for-age Z score (11 years old) | 0.014 | 0.022 | ||||
Normal | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
Overweight | 1.63 | (0.80–3.29) | 1.64 | (0.81–3.31) | ||
Obesity | 2.57 | (1.37–4.80) | 2.44 | (1.29–4.59) | ||