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Table 5 Barriers by population size group and gender

From: Social participation in older women and men: differences in community activities and barriers according to region and population size in Canada

Barrier

Population size group

Rural

Small

Medium

Large

Metropolitan

Canada

n = 2620

n = 619

n = 1855

n = 3808

n = 7372

n = 16,274

W

M

Total

W

M

Total

W

M

Total

W

M

Total

W

M

Total

W

M

Total

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

Want to participate more

23.1a

19.9a

21.6A

25.0a

21.9a

23.7A

25.1a

18.3a

22.1A

28.0a

22.4a

25.6A

27.6a

20.6a†††

24.4A

26.6

20.7†††

23.9

[19.3,27.0]

[16.1,23.7]

[18.8,24.4]

[17.6,32.5]

[14.4,29.4]

[19.1,28.2]

[21.2,28.9]

[14.7,22.0]

[19.5,24.7]

[25.1,30.9]

[19.2,25.6]

[23.5,27.6]

[25.1,30.1]

[18.3,22.9]

[22.6,26.2]

[25.0,28.2]

[19.1,22.2]

[22.8,25.1]

Personal barriers

 Health limitation

39.5a

29.3a

35.0A

42.3a

23.7a

34.7A

40.7a

37.1a

39.4A

36.3a

32.9a

35.0A

30.5a

34.3a

31.9A

34.7

33.0

34.0

[29.5,49.6]

[19.1,39.5]

[27.5,42.5]

[31.4,53.2]

[12.5,34.8]

[25.7,43.8]

[32.4,49.0]

[27.1,47.0]

[32.9,45.8]

[31.1,41.5]

[26.3,39.5]

[31.0,39.0]

[26.4,34.5]

[28.9,39.7]

[28.6,35.3]

[31.9,37.6]

[29.4,36.5]

[31.8,36.3]

 Too busy

6.5a

27.1a†††

15.6A

8.1a

24.6a

14.8A

14.3a

24.0a

17.8A

15.9a

29.5a††

21.1A

20.2a

29.6a††

23.8A

16.2

28.4†††

20.9

[1.6,11.5]

[16.7,37.5]

[9.4,21.8]

[0.6,15.6]

[9.8,39.5]

[6.6,23.1]

[8.0,20.6]

[15.1,32.8]

[12.6,23.0]

[11.0,20.9]

[21.9,37.0]

[16.8,25.3]

[16.3,24.2]

[24.1,35.2]

[20.6,27.1]

[13.7,18.7]

[24.6,32.2]

[18.8,23.1]

 Do not want to go alone

17.4a

6.4a

12.5A

11.0a

6.3a

9.1A

15.4a

6.3a

12.1A

15.6a

11.0a

13.8A

18.0a

9.7a††

14.8A

16.7

9.0†††

13.7

[7.4,27.4]

[1.9,10.9]

[6.6,18.4]

[3.2,18.7]

[0.0,14]

[3.8,14.4]

[8.5,22.4]

[1.9,10.8]

[7.5,16.7]

[12.2,18.9]

[6.2,15.9]

[11.0,16.7]

[14.1,21.8]

[6.2,13.2]

[12.1,17.6]

[14.2,19.2]

[6.8,11.3]

[12.0,15.5]

 Personal responsibilities

5.7a

16.6a

10.5A

15.7a

16.2a

15.9A

7.8a

7.2a

7.5A

11.8a

6.8a

9.9A

11.1a

9.6a

10.5A

10.4

10.1

10.3

[2.6,8.9]

[4.6,28.5]

[4.7,16.4]

[2.9,28.6]

[2.5,29.9]

[6.4,25.5]

[3.5,12.1]

[2.3,12.1]

[4.4,10.7]

[7.6,16.0]

[3.4,10.2]

[7.0,12.8]

[6.8,15.3]

[6.1,13.2]

[7.5,13.6]

[8.0,12.7]

[7.2,13.0]

[8.4,12.1]

Environmental barriers

 Time not suitable

4.4a

8.8a

6.3A

3.9a

10.7a

6.7A

5.8a

1.4a

4.2A

5.4a

6.5a

5.8A

11.6a

6.9a

9.8A

8.1

6.7

7.6

[1.5,7.3]

[3.0,14.6]

[3.2,9.5]

[0.1,7.6]

[0.0,22.1]

[1.0,12.3]

[1.8,9.8]

[0.0,2.9]

[1.5,6.9]

[2.4,8.5]

[3.6,9.3]

[3.6,8.0]

[8.0,15.3]

[4.2,9.7]

[7.3,12.4]

[6.2,10.1]

[5.0,8.5]

[6.2,9.0]

 Unavailability

15.5a

11.2a

13.6B

3.9ab

9.6ab

6.2AB

5.3b

10.2ab

7.1AB

7.4b

7.7ab

7.5AB

7.2b

4.1b

6.0A

8.0

7.0

7.6

[9.1,22.0]

[5.2,17.3]

[9.2,18.0]

[0.0,9.0]

[0.2,19.0]

[1.5,10.9]

[2.7,7.8]

[1.7,18.7]

[3.2,10.9]

[4.7,10.1]

[4.1,11.3]

[5.6,9.5]

[4.7,9.7]

[2.0,6.2]

[4.3,7.8]

[6.4,9.7]

[5.2,8.8]

[6.4,8.9]

 Transportation

15.1a

1.2a†††

8.9A

8.0ab

4.7A

13.3ab

1.4ab†††

9.0A

10.8ab

2.7b†††

7.7A

10.1b

6.0b

8.5A

[8.6,21.6]

[0.0,2.4]

[5.3,12.6]

[1.6,14.4]

[‡,‡]

[1.0,8.5]

[8.5,18.1]

[0.0,3.2]

[5.6,12.3]

[7.4,14.2]

[1.1,4.2]

[5.5,9.9]

[7.2,12.9]

[3.0,9.0]

[6.3,10.7]

[‡,‡]

[‡,‡]

[‡,‡]

 Other

4.8a

5.8a

5.3A

16.4a

21.7a

18.5A

13.2a

16.1a

14.2A

8.8a

12.6a

10.3A

8.5a

14.2a

10.6A

8.9

12.9††

10.4

[1.5,8.1]

[2.2,9.5]

[2.8,7.8]

[6.3,26.5]

[1.6,41.7]

[8.1,29.0]

[7.1,19.3]

[9.1,23.1]

[9.8,18.7]

[6.1,11.6]

[7.8,17.5]

[7.8,12.7]

[5.9,11.1]

[10.6,17.7]

[8.5,12.8]

[7.2,10.6]

[10.5,15.3]

[9.1,11.8]

  1. Cells that share a letter are not significantly different (p > 0.05, Bonferroni adjused): lowercase between W/Population size group; lowercase italic between M/Population size group; uppercase between Population size group. † Men are significantly different than women († p < 0.05, †† p < 0.01, ††† p < 0.001). n is the unweighted sample size after removing missing observations. ‡ values could not be released