Sexual behaviors and seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV among hill tribe youths of Northern Thailand

Apidechkul, Tawatchai

doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7459-9

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Comparison of risk behaviors between the sexes

From: Sexual behaviors and seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV among hill tribe youths of Northern Thailand

Characteristics	Total n	%	Male		Female		χ²	p-value
Characteristics	Total n	%	n	%	n	%	χ²	p-value
Total	1325	100.0	524	39.5	801	60.5	N/A	N/A
Smoking
Yes	192	14.5	165	85.9	27	14.1	202.12	< 0.001^*
No	1133	85.5	359	31.7	774	68.3
Alcohol use
Yes	297	22.4	205	69.0	92	31.0	139.12	< 0.001^*
No	1028	77.6	319	31.0	709	69.0
Methamphetamine use
Yes	35	2.6	29	82.9	6	17.1	28.20	< 0.001^*
No	1290	97.4	495	38.4	795	61.6
Heroin use
Yes	23	1.8	19	82.6	4	17.4	18.15	< 0.001^*
No	1302	98.2	505	38.8	797	61.2
Crystal methamphetamine use
Yes	20	1.5	15	75.0	5	25.0	10.67	0.001^*
No	1305	98.5	509	39.0	796	61.0
Opium use
Yes	21	1.7	17	81.0	4	19.0	15.30	< 0.001^*
No	1304	98.4	507	38.9	797	61.1
Marijuana use
Yes	60	4.5	54	90.0	6	10.0	66.91	< 0.001^*
No	1265	95.5	470	37.2	795	62.8
Tattooed
Yes	188	14.2	119	63.3	69	36.7	51.69	< 0.001^*
No	1137	85.8	405	35.6	732	64.4
Ear piercing
Yes	813	61.4	193	23.7	620	76.3	219.91	< 0.001^*
No	512	38.6	331	64.6	181	35.4
History of blood transfusion
Yes	50	3.8	20	40.0	30	60.0	0.004	0.947
No	1275	96.2	504	39.5	771	60.5
History of organ transplant
Yes	11	0.8	8	72.7	3	27.3	5.10	0.024^{*, a}
No	1314	99.2	516	39.3	798	60.7
History of medical surgery
Yes	161	12.2	81	50.3	80	49.7	8.88	0.003^*
No	1164	87.8	443	38.1	721	61.9
Injection from illegal practitioners
Yes	53	4.0	33	62.3	20	37.7	11.91	0.001^*
No	1272	96.0	491	38.6	781	61.4
Acupuncture
Yes	26	2.0	16	61.5	10	38.5	5.36	0.021^*
No	1299	98.0	508	391	791	60.9
Shared a toothbrush
Yes	267	20.2	99	37.1	168	62.9	0.85	0.356
No	1058	79.8	425	40.2	633	59.8
History of hepatitis B vaccination
Yes	116	8.8	42	63.2	74	63.8	3.17	0.366
No	476	35.9	192	40.3	284	59.7
Not sure	433	32.7	161	37.2	272	62.8
Unknown	300	22.6	129	43.0	171	57.0
Family history of hepatitis B
Yes	31	2.3	12	38.7	19	61.3	0.79	0.850
No	797	60.2	315	39.5	482	60.5
Not sure	185	14.0	78	42.2	107	57.8
Unknown	312	23.5	119	38.1	193	61.9
Work experience outside the village
Yes	143	17.1	82	57.3	61	42.7	29.56	< 0.001^*
No	693	82.9	230	33.2	463	66.8
Work experience abroad
Yes	10	1.2	4	40.0	6	60.0	0.31	0.860^a
No	826	98.8	308	37.3	518	62.7

^*Significance level at α =0.05
^aFisher’s exact test

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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