Bacteria reported in the studies reviewed | Antimicrobial agent | Number of studies | Pooled prevalence of AMR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
Escherichia coli | Beta-lactams | ||
 Amoxicillin | 10 | 77.3 (59.7–88.7) | |
 Amoxicillin+ Clavulanic acid | 8 | 63.3 (48.9–75.9) | |
 Ampicillin | 4 | 65.6 (37.9–85.6) | |
 Ceftriaxone | 7 | 38.7 (25.7–53.6) | |
Aminoglycosides | |||
 Gentamicin | 12 | 36.5 (23.7–51.5) | |
Quinolones | Â | Â | |
 Nalidixic Acid | 7 | 53.5 (35.1–71.0) | |
 Ciprofloxacin | 11 | 39.1 (28.1–51.2) | |
Tetracyclines | |||
 Doxycycline | 4 | 45.0 (37.0–53.4) | |
 Tetracycline | 5 | 71.9 (66.1–88.0) | |
Nitrofuranes | Â | Â | |
 Nitrofurantoin | 5 | 79.7 (66.1–88.0) | |
Phenicols | |||
 Chloramphenicol | 4 | 50.2 (27.0–73.3) | |
Sulfonamides & Trimethoprim | |||
 Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | 6 | 85.2 (69.1–93.7) | |
 Co-trimoxazole | 4 | 48.8 (38.4–59. 3) | |
Klebsiella spp | Beta-lactams | ||
 Amoxicillin | 6 | 94.7 (84,9–98.3) | |
 Ampicillin | 4 | 76.1 (52.5–90.1) | |
 Ceftriaxone | 5 | 46.0 (32.3–60.4) | |
Aminoglycosides | |||
 Gentamicin | 9 | 44.1 (23.5–67.0) | |
Quinolones | |||
 Ciprofloxacin | 8 | 26.7 (15.7–42.0) | |
Phenicols | |||
 Chloramphenicol | 6 | 60.0 (30.3–83.8) | |
Sulfonamides & Trimethoprim | |||
 Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | 4 | 78.3 (69.6–85.1) | |
 Co-trimoxazole | 5 | 76.8 (47.5–92.7) | |
Staphylococcus spp | Beta-lactams | ||
 Amoxicillin | 5 | 65.2 (51.8–76.5) | |
 Amoxicillin+Clavulanic acid | 9 | 50.8 (36.4–65.1) | |
 Penicillin | 9 | 95.8 (85.2–98.9) | |
 Ampicillin | 5 | 60.9 (27.6–86.5) | |
 Oxacillin | 5 | 92.0 (46.1–99.4) | |
 Ceftriaxone | 8 | 56.7 (23.7–88.7) | |
 Ceftazidime | 6 | 52.9 (23.4–80.5) | |
 Cefotaxime | 5 | 91.1 (77.4–96.9) | |
Aminoglycosides | |||
 Gentamicin | 15 | 43.3 (23.7–65.3) | |
Macrolides | |||
 Erythromycin | 11 | 55.7 (47.7–63.4) | |
Quinolones | |||
 Ciprofloxacin | 9 | 42.9 (20.6–68.6) | |
Sulfonamides & Trimethoprim | |||
 Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | 5 | 81.5 (52.5–94.6) | |
 Co-trimoxazole | 8 | 73.0 (47.5–89.0) | |
Tetracyclines | |||
 Doxycycline | 6 | 53.5 (34.2–71.8) | |
 Tetracycline | 5 | 68.0 (59.3–75.5) | |
Nitrofuranes | |||
 Nitrofurantoin | 6 | 34.1 (22.3–48.2) | |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Monobactams | ||
 Aztreonam | 5 | 59.0 (28.9–83.6) | |
Beta-lactams | |||
 Ceftazidime | 6 | 24.8 (15.8–37.0) | |
 Cefotaxime | 4 | 78.6 (60.6–89.8) | |
Aminoglycosides | |||
 Gentamicin | 6 | 46.9 (38.2–55.8) | |
Enterobacter spp | Aminoglycosides | ||
 Gentamicin | 5 | 30.6 (20.2–63.0) | |
Quinolones | |||
 Ciprofloxacin | 4 | 56.3 (36.6–61.7) | |
Sulfonamides & Trimethoprim | |||
 Co-trimoxazole | 4 | 83.2 (61.2–93.9) | |
Proteus spp | Beta-lactams | ||
 Amoxicillin | 4 | 61.1 (40.2–78.5) | |
 Amoxicillin+ Clavulanic acid | 4 | 49.8 (23.1–76.6) | |
Aminoglycosides | |||
 Gentamicin | 4 | 34.7 (26.3–44.2) |