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Table 3 Regression coefficients (with 95% CIs; boldface indicates statistical significance) in eq. 1 for the different covariates in the model given by eq. 1 for different age groups. The coefficients for the different antibiotic classes estimate the change in the annual septicemia hospitalization rates (per 10,000 individuals in a given age group) when the annual rate of outpatient prescribing of the corresponding oral antibiotic class (per 1000 residents) increases by 1. ND = not done because persons > 64 years old are eligible for Medicare

From: Levels of outpatient prescribing for four major antibiotic classes and rates of septicemia hospitalization in adults in different US states - a statistical analysis

 

Aged 18-49y

Aged 50-64y

Aged65-74y

Aged 75-84y

Aged 85 + y

Fluoroquinolones (prescription per 1000 residents/y)

0.08 (−0.07,0.22)

0.18 (− 0.15,0.51)

0.36 (− 0.3,1)

0.7 (− 0.45,1.9)

1.3 (−1.1,3.7)

Penicillins (prescription per 1000 residents/y)

0.04 (− 0.03,0.12)

0.19 (0.02,0.37)

0.48 (0.12,0.84)

0.81 (0.17,1.4)

1.2 (−0.14,2.5)

Cephalosporins (prescription per 1000 residents/y)

−0.02 (− 0.09,0.05)

−0.03 (− 0.19,0.13)

−0.08 (− 0.42,0.25)

−0.28 (− 0.88,0.31)

−0.69 (− 1.9,0.51)

Macrolides (prescription per 1000 residents/y)

− 0.03 (− 0.11,0.04)

−0.12 (− 0.29,0.04)

−0.26 (− 0.6,0.08)

−0.39 (− 0.99,0.22)

−0.55 (− 1.8,0.7)

Median household income ($1000)

− 0.09 (− 0.29,0.1)

−0.17 (− 0.58,0.24)

0.31 (− 0.5,1.1)

1.2 (− 0.24,2.6)

3.3 (0.42,6.2)

Average minimal daily temperature (°F)

0.2 (0,0.39)

0.57 (0.12,1)

0.78 (−0.14,1.7)

1.6 (0.03,3.2)

3.9 (0.59,7.3)

Percent African Americans

−0.05 (− 0.22,0.12)

0.15 (− 0.28,0.59)

0.79 (− 0.23,1.8)

2.3 (0.32,4.2)

5.3 (1.1,9.5)

Percent lacking health insurance

0 (−0.25,0.24)

− 0.16 (− 0.91,0.59)

ND

ND

ND