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Table 4 Pearson correlation coefficients between student health related outcomes using measures by Hong Kong Student Health Survey Questionnaire (HKSHQ) and core indicators of the six key areas (** p-value < 0.01, * p-value< 0.05)

From: Effective health promoting school for better health of children and adolescents: indicators for success

(a) Action Competencies (AC) for Healthy Living and Health Related Outcomes

HKSHQ measures

Primary schools

Secondary Schools

AC1.11

AC1.3

AC2.1

AC3.2

AC3.3

AC4.3

AC1.1

AC2.1

% of students think they are having good academic performance in past 12 months

0.175

0.138

0.085

0.155

0.260*

0.023

0.367**

0.121

% of students think they are having good health status over past 30 days

0.314**

0.349**

0.234*

0.256*

0.276**

0.118

0.108

0.003

% of students that often obey traffic signals

0.258*

0.034

0.229*

0.075

0.259

0.248*

0.400**

0.308*

% of students that often put on seatbelts

0.166

0.004

0.126

0.171

0.230*

0.171

0.370**

0.275*

% of students having enough vegetable every day

0.152

0.186

−0.011

0.236*

0.253*

0.001

−0.055

−0.242

% of students having enough fruit every day

0.243*

0.303**

0.099

0.264*

0.269*

0.158

0.258

0.147

% of students having crisps more than 4 times per week

−0.149

−0.348**

−0.069

− 0.136

−0.029

− 0.046

−0.267*

0.058

% of students having candies more than 4 times per week

−0.266*

−0.487**

− 0.177

−0.167

− 0.179

−0.075

− 0.427**

−0.110

% of students having soft drink more than 4 times per week

−0.326**

−0.356**

− 0.192

−0.287**

− 0.166

−0.214*

− 0.193

−0.158

% of students having preserved meat more than 4 times per week

−0.211*

−0.291**

− 0.101

−0.295**

− 0.131

−0.064

− 0.395**

−0.137

% of students having enough physical activity

0.330**

0.281**

0.206

0.240*

0.280**

0.318**

0.094

−0.032

Mean K6 score of students

−0.323**

− 0.359**

−0.205

− 0.362**

−0.277**

− 0.246*

−0.372**

− 0.307*

% of students smoke

−0.078

0.080

−0.046

− 0.248*

−0.070

− 0.057

−0.115

− 0.267*

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - family life

0.200

0.125

0.271*

0.236*

0.271*

0.299*

0.062

0.245

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - friendship

0.066

−0.035

0.098

0.231

0.202

0.237*

−0.068

0.231

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - themselves

0.262*

0.039

0.348**

0.061

0.376**

0.459**

0.126

0.220

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - living environment

0.218

0.042

0.225

0.285*

0.230

0.338**

0.139

0.271

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - overall life

0.155

0.034

0.193

0.186

0.259*

0.347**

0.107

0.291*

(b) Community Links (CL) and Health Related Outcomes

HKSHQ measures

Primary schools

Secondary schools

     

CL1.2

CL2.2

CL2.2

     

% of students think they are having good health status over past 30 days

0.110

0.370**

0.274*

     

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - family life

0.268*

0.328**

0.040

     

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - themselves

0.235*

0.305**

0.280

     

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - living environment

0.193

0.255*

0.133

     

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - overall life

0.155

0.292*

0.128

     

(c) School’s Social Environment (SE) and Health Related Outcomes

HKSHQ measures

Primary schools

Secondary Schools

     

SE2.2

SE3.2

SE3.2

     

% of students think they are having good academic performance in past 12 months

0.223*

0.037

0.174

     

% of students having enough physical activity

0.252*

0.190

0.006

     

% of students having K6 score > 12 (indicating poor mental health)

−0.259*

−0.241*

−0.300*

     

Mean K6 score of students

−0.211*

−0.291**

− 0.248

     

(d) School’s Physical Environment (PE) and Health Related Outcomes

HKSHQ measures

Primary Schools

Secondary schools

    

PE1.1

PE4.1

PE1.1

PE4.1

    

% of students having enough fruit every day

0.119

0.164

0.194

0.345**

    

% of students having soft drink more than 4 times per week

−0.278**

− 0.282**

−0.046

0.082

    

% of students having enough physical activity

0.216*

0.239*

0.248

0.055

    

Mean K6 score of students

−0.227*

− 0.183

−0.284*

− 0.302*

    

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - living environment

0.265*

0.220

0.335*

0.072

    

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - overall life

0.258*

0.183

0.196

0.110

    

(e) School Health Care and Promotion Services (HS) and Health Related Outcomes

HKSHQ measures

Primary Schools

Secondary Schools

      

HS2.3

HS2.3

      

% of students think they are having good health status over past 30 days

0.224*

0.272*

      

Mean K6 score of students

−0.140

−0.280*

      

(f) Healthy School Policies (PO) and Health Related Outcomes

HKSHQ measures

Primary schools

Secondary Schools

    

PO2.3

PO2.1

PO2.2

PO2.4

    

% of students that often obey traffic signals

0.006

0.173

0.260*

0.232

    

% of students that often put on seatbelts

−0.124

0.270

0.259*

0.157

    

% of students feeling so sad or hopeless that he/she will stop usual activities

−0.226*

−0.079

− 0.025

−0.094

    

% of students who are classified as underweight

−0.005

−0.288*

− 0.349**

−0.509**

    

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - school experience

−0.022

0.261

0.388**

0.055

    

Mean Life satisfaction score of students - overall life

−0.040

0.149

0.296*

−0.151

    
  1. The number 1.1 reflect the particular indicator, i.e., School adopts a systematic approach to conduct health education. Can refer to appendix for details of indicators under each key area