Table 1 The baseline conditions of the participants
|  | Not Drepressed (N = 440) | Depressed (N = 110) |
|---|---|---|
Age | 68.00 (64.00–76.00) | 68.00 (64.00–76.00) |
Gender | ||
 Male | 168 (38.2%) | 42 (38.2%) |
 Female | 272 (61.8%) | 68 (61.8%) |
Kinds of hypoglycemic drugs | ||
 No medication | 90 (20.5%) | 31 (28.2%) |
 Metformin | 250 (56.8%) | 45 (40.9%) |
 Other hypoglycemic drugs | 100 (22.7%) | 34 (30.9%) |
Fasting blood-glucose | ||
 < 7 | 175 (39.8%) | 46 (41.8%) |
 7~11.1 | 159 (36.1%) | 41 (37.3%) |
 > 11.1 | 106 (24.1%) | 23 (20.9%) |
HbA1c | ||
 < 7 | 230 (52.3%) | 68 (61.8%) |
 7~9 | 151 (34.3%) | 32 (29.1%) |
 > 9 | 59 (13.4%) | 10 (9.1%) |
BMI | ||
 < 24 | 164 (37.3%) | 26 (23.6%) |
 24~28 | 208 (47.3%) | 68 (61.8%) |
 ≥ 28 | 68 (15.5%) | 16 (14.5%) |
Education | ||
 Primary and below | 90 (20.5%) | 16 (14.5%) |
 Middle school | 272 (61.8%) | 66 (60.0%) |
 College and above | 78 (17.7%) | 28 (25.5%) |
Companion | ||
 Absent | 357 (81.1%) | 91 (82.7%) |
 Present | 83 (18.9%) | 19 (17.3%) |
Pension | ||
 Absent | 407 (92.5%) | 97 (88.2%) |
 Present | 33 (7.5%) | 13 (11.8%) |
Sleep duration | ||
 6~8 | 306 (69.5%) | 67 (60.9%) |
 < 6 | 112 (25.5%) | 39 (35.5%) |
 > 8 | 22 (5.0%) | 4 (3.6%) |
Physical ability and activity | ||
 Good | 282 (64.1%) | 44 (40.0%) |
 Poor | 158 (35.9%) | 66 (60.0%) |
Tobacco use | ||
 Never | 360 (81.8%) | 88 (80.0%) |
 Current | 55 (12.5%) | 13 (11.8%) |
 Former | 25 (5.7%) | 9 (8.2%) |
Alcohol use | ||
 Never | 397 (90.2%) | 93 (84.5%) |
 Current | 33 (7.5%) | 15 (15.6%) |
 Former | 10 (2.3%) | 2 (1.8%) |
Number of additional illnesses | ||
 0 | 155 (35.2%) | 26 (23.6%) |
 1~2 | 270 (61.4%) | 66 (60.6%) |
 > 2 | 15 (3.4%) | 18 (16.4%) |