Fig. 3

Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for CVD incidence in male smokers and ex-smokers, based on the number of cigarettes smoked per day, or the time spent since the last quit, respectively (ref: never smoker). Model 1. Adjusted for age. Model 2. Adjusted for age and cardio-metabolic risk factors including: body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides level, cholesterol level and fasting blood sugar. Model 3. Adjusted for age, cardio-metabolic risk factors (as above) and socio-economic features including: education (Ref: college degree), marital status (Ref: married) and occupation (Ref: employed). Q ≥ 15y, Quit 15 years ago or before; Q < 15y, Quit in the last 15 years; ≤ 10 c/day, Smoking ≤10 cigarettes/day; 11–20 c/day, Smoking 11–20 cigarettes/day; ≥ 21 c/day, Smoking ≥21 cigarettes/day