Examining the association of changes in minimum wage with health across race/ethnicity and gender in the United States

Table 8 High vs. Low Wage in Minimum Wage, Access to Care, and Health (All Races)

Outcome	Total		Men		Women
Outcome	High Wage	Low Wage	High Wage	Low Wage	High Wage	Low Wage
Access to Care
No Health Insurance¹	-.02 N=747 642	-.00 N=121 789	-.03 N=344 633	-.00 N=54 766	-.02 N=403 009	-.00 N=67 023
Missed care due to cost¹	-.01 N=711 473	.01 N=110 914	-.01 N=328 148	.01 N=49 719	-.01 N=383 325	.02 N=61 195
Health Behavior
No exercise¹	-.00 N=664 499	.00 N=116 952	.00 N=305 791	.01 N=52 499	-.01 N=358 708	-.01 N=64 453
Fruit Consumption²	1.03 N=389 051	1.13 N=56 648	1.04 N=177 883	1.29 N=25 077	1.02 N=211 168	.96 N=31 571
Vegetable Consumption²	1.06 N=386 748	.89 N=56 385	1.06 N=176 504	.89 N=24 959	1.06 N=210 244	.88 N=31 426
Alcohol Consumption²	1.01 N=476 376	1.03 N=78 405	1.01 N=235 502	1.04 N=38 315	1.02 N=240 874	.99 N=40 090
Health Outcomes
Self-reported poor health¹	.00 N=747 245	.01 N=121 735	.01 N=344 651	.01 N=54 747	-.00 N=402 594	.01 N=66 988
Self-reported HTN¹	.00 N=410 673	.02 N=63 735	.01 N=188 893	.02 N=28 356	.00 N=221 780	.02 N=35 379
Unhealthy Days²	1.02 N=736 989	.99 N=120 881	1.04 N=340 186	.95 N=54 389	1.01 N=396 803	1.02 N=66 492
Poor Mental Health Days²	1.03 N=728 880	.96 N=119 555	1.06 N=336 682	.93 N=53 821	1.01 N=392 198	.98 N=65 734
Poor Physical Health Days²	1.02 N=729 333	1.05 N=119 552	1.03 N=336 990	1.00 N=53 839	1.01 N=392 343	1.11 N=65 713

The data source is BRFSS (1993-2014 panels). Linear Probability Models and Poisson Regression Models are used to examine dichotomous and count outcomes, respectively. All models control for state earned income tax credit rate, refundability of state earned income tax credit, Maximum food stamp allotment for a family of 3 maximum TANF allotment for a family of 3, 1-year lagged GDP, comprehensive Medicaid expansion, age, race/ethnicity, marital status, education and having minor children, year as well as state fixed-effects. All models are weighted for complex survey design and non-response. Total population models also control for gender. Standard errors are robust and clustered at the state level. Results of LPMs and PRMs are presented as percentage point differences in the probability of an outcome and Rate Ratios, respectively. All monetary values are inflation-adjusted. Boldface indicates statistical significance. Significance levels: *(access to care: p-value-.025, health behaviors: p-value-.0125, and health outcomes: p-value .010). Notes: 1. Marginal effect 2. Rate Ratio

ISSN: 1471-2458