Characteristic | North (n = 8469) | South (n = 12,828) | East (n = 18,141) | West (n = 8940) | Central (n = 18,664) | North Eastern (n = 2422) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Child Characteristics | ||||||||||||
Sex of baby | ||||||||||||
Male | 4571 | 54.0 | 6664 | 52.0 | 9443 | 52.1 | 4680 | 52.4 | 9949 | 53.3 | 1254 | 51.8 |
Female | 3898 | 46.0 | 6164 | 48.1 | 8698 | 48.0 | 4259 | 47.7 | 8715 | 46.7 | 1168 | 48.2 |
Age of child (months) | ||||||||||||
6–11 | 2945 | 34.8 | 4427 | 34.5 | 6308 | 34.8 | 3215 | 36.0 | 6761 | 36.2 | 787 | 32.5 |
12–17 | 2915 | 34.4 | 4262 | 33.2 | 6082 | 33.5 | 2996 | 33.5 | 6120 | 32.8 | 876 | 36.2 |
18–23 | 2608 | 30.8 | 4139 | 32.3 | 5751 | 31.7 | 2729 | 30.5 | 5782 | 31.0 | 760 | 31.4 |
Birth order | ||||||||||||
First-born | 3246 | 38.3 | 5547 | 43.2 | 6583 | 36.3 | 3702 | 41.4 | 6091 | 32.6 | 978 | 40.4 |
2nd-4th | 4742 | 56.0 | 7176 | 55.9 | 10,133 | 55.9 | 5020 | 56.2 | 10,586 | 56.7 | 1263 | 52.2 |
5 or more | 481 | 5.7 | 105 | 0.8 | 1425 | 7.9 | 217 | 2.4 | 1986 | 10.6 | 181 | 7.5 |
Perceived Size of baby | ||||||||||||
Small | 871 | 10.4 | 1027 | 8.0 | 2339 | 13.1 | 1043 | 11.7 | 2692 | 14.6 | 313 | 13.7 |
Average | 6387 | 76.4 | 7976 | 62.5 | 11,821 | 66.0 | 5711 | 64.2 | 13,266 | 71.9 | 1493 | 65.5 |
Large | 1105 | 13.2 | 3764 | 29.5 | 3742 | 20.9 | 2139 | 24.1 | 2505 | 13.6 | 474 | 20.8 |
Preceeding birth interval | ||||||||||||
no previous birth | 3270 | 38.6 | 5604 | 43.7 | 6624 | 36.5 | 3718 | 41.6 | 6130 | 32.8 | 981 | 40.5 |
< 24 months | 1379 | 16.3 | 1993 | 15.5 | 2833 | 15.6 | 1305 | 14.6 | 3530 | 18.9 | 225 | 9.3 |
> 24 months | 3820 | 45.1 | 5231 | 40.8 | 8683 | 47.9 | 3916 | 43.8 | 9004 | 48.2 | 1216 | 50.2 |
Maternal Characteristics | ||||||||||||
Mother’s age | ||||||||||||
15–24 years | 231 | 2.7 | 569 | 4.4 | 1352 | 7.5 | 465 | 5.2 | 487 | 2.6 | 183 | 7.5 |
25–34 years | 7763 | 91.7 | 11,885 | 92.7 | 15,607 | 86.0 | 8138 | 91.0 | 16,874 | 90.4 | 2007 | 82.8 |
35–49 years | 475 | 5.6 | 373 | 2.9 | 1182 | 6.5 | 337 | 3.8 | 1303 | 7.0 | 233 | 9.6 |
Mother’s education | ||||||||||||
No education | 2406 | 28.4 | 1457 | 11.4 | 6860 | 37.8 | 1183 | 13.2 | 6524 | 35.0 | 473 | 19.5 |
Primary | 1217 | 14.4 | 1109 | 8.6 | 2669 | 14.7 | 1072 | 12.0 | 2890 | 15.5 | 406 | 16.8 |
Secondary and above | 4846 | 57.2 | 10,261 | 80.0 | 8612 | 47.5 | 6685 | 74.8 | 9249 | 49.6 | 1543 | 63.7 |
Mother’s literacy | ||||||||||||
No | 5772 | 68.5 | 10,873 | 85.3 | 10,343 | 58.0 | 7268 | 81.8 | 11,068 | 59.6 | 1818 | 75.2 |
Yes | 2650 | 31.5 | 1874 | 14.7 | 7503 | 42.0 | 1617 | 18.2 | 7505 | 40.4 | 599 | 24.8 |
Employment | ||||||||||||
did not work | 1361 | 88.4 | 2169 | 87.0 | 2673 | 90.0 | 1491 | 82.1 | 2626 | 86.3 | 358 | 89.4 |
worked | 179 | 11.6 | 325 | 13.0 | 296 | 10.0 | 324 | 17.9 | 417 | 13.7 | 43 | 10.6 |
Mother’s religion | ||||||||||||
Hindu | 6320 | 74.6 | 10,479 | 81.7 | 14,093 | 77.7 | 7051 | 78.9 | 15,587 | 83.5 | 1128 | 46.6 |
Muslim | 1300 | 15.4 | 1584 | 12.4 | 3508 | 19.3 | 1269 | 14.2 | 2994 | 16.0 | 781 | 32.2 |
Christianity and others | 849 | 10.0 | 764 | 6.0 | 540 | 3.0 | 620 | 6.9 | 83 | 0.4 | 514 | 21.2 |
Power over earnings | ||||||||||||
Husband | 7473 | 88.2 | 11,302 | 88.1 | 16,290 | 89.8 | 7862 | 87.9 | 16,670 | 89.3 | 2145 | 88.5 |
Woman | 996 | 11.8 | 1526 | 11.9 | 1851 | 10.2 | 1077 | 12.1 | 1994 | 10.7 | 278 | 11.5 |
Power over household purchases | ||||||||||||
Husband | 7275 | 85.9 | 10,908 | 85 | 15,817 | 87.1 | 7420 | 83 | 16,292 | 87.3 | 2088 | 86.2 |
Woman | 1194 | 14.1 | 1919 | 15 | 2323 | 12.8 | 1519 | 17 | 2372 | 12.7 | 334 | 13.8 |
Type of Caste or tribe | ||||||||||||
Scheduled caste | 2147 | 25.4 | 2977 | 23.2 | 4117 | 22.7 | 1448 | 16.2 | 4160 | 22.3 | 215 | 8.9 |
Scheduled tribe | 755 | 8.9 | 746 | 5.8 | 1904 | 10.5 | 1378 | 15.4 | 1802 | 9.7 | 696 | 28.7 |
other backward class | 3160 | 37.3 | 7187 | 56.0 | 7580 | 41.8 | 2707 | 30.3 | 9466 | 50.7 | 450 | 18.6 |
other1 | 2407 | 28.4 | 1917 | 15.0 | 4539 | 25.0 | 3406 | 38.1 | 3235 | 17.3 | 1061 | 43.8 |
Family/household characteristics | ||||||||||||
Marital status | ||||||||||||
Currently married | 8421 | 99.5 | 12,717 | 99.2 | 18,006 | 99.4 | 8857 | 99.2 | 18,517 | 99.3 | 2377 | 98.3 |
Formerly married (divorced/separated/widow) | 41 | 0.5 | 107 | 0.8 | 111 | 0.6 | 71 | 0.8 | 134 | 0.7 | 42 | 1.7 |
Household Wealth Index | ||||||||||||
Poorest | 876 | 10.3 | 562 | 4.4 | 8217 | 45.3 | 876 | 9.8 | 5784 | 31.0 | 593 | 24.5 |
Poorer | 1296 | 15.3 | 1976 | 15.4 | 4699 | 25.9 | 1612 | 18.0 | 4469 | 23.9 | 942 | 38.9 |
Middle | 1711 | 20.2 | 3777 | 29.4 | 2769 | 15.3 | 2192 | 24.5 | 3280 | 17.6 | 479 | 19.8 |
Richer | 1930 | 22.8 | 3900 | 30.4 | 1731 | 9.5 | 2324 | 26.0 | 2720 | 14.6 | 281 | 11.6 |
Richest | 2656 | 31.4 | 2613 | 20.4 | 725 | 4.0 | 1936 | 21.7 | 2411 | 12.9 | 127 | 5.2 |
Reads newspaper or magazine | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 5245 | 61.9 | 6246 | 48.7 | 14,180 | 78.2 | 5081 | 56.8 | 13,639 | 73.1 | 1784 | 73.6 |
Yes | 3224 | 38.1 | 6582 | 51.3 | 3961 | 21.8 | 3859 | 43.2 | 5025 | 26.9 | 639 | 26.4 |
Listens to radio | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 7393 | 87.3 | 10,955 | 85.4 | 15,878 | 87.5 | 7775 | 87.0 | 16,255 | 87.1 | 2077 | 85.7 |
Yes | 1075 | 12.7 | 1873 | 14.6 | 2262 | 12.5 | 1165 | 13.0 | 2409 | 12.9 | 346 | 14.3 |
Watches television | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 1669 | 19.7 | 841 | 6.6 | 8786 | 48.4 | 1536 | 17.2 | 7134 | 38.2 | 893 | 36.9 |
Yes | 6799 | 80.3 | 11,986 | 93.4 | 9354 | 51.6 | 7403 | 82.8 | 11,530 | 61.8 | 1530 | 63.2 |
Health Service characteristics | ||||||||||||
Antenatal clinic visits | ||||||||||||
None | 961 | 11.4 | 806 | 6.3 | 4719 | 26.0 | 862 | 9.6 | 3789 | 20.3 | 357 | 14.8 |
1–3 | 3121 | 36.9 | 2038 | 15.9 | 6133 | 33.8 | 1595 | 17.8 | 8848 | 47.4 | 870 | 35.9 |
4+ | 4386 | 51.8 | 9983 | 77.8 | 7289 | 40.2 | 6483 | 72.5 | 6026 | 32.3 | 1195 | 49.4 |
Place of delivery | ||||||||||||
Home | 1002 | 11.8 | 466 | 3.6 | 4734 | 26.1 | 715 | 8.0 | 4615 | 24.7 | 691 | 28.5 |
Health facility | 1767 | 88.2 | 12,362 | 96.4 | 13,407 | 73.9 | 8224 | 92.0 | 14,049 | 75.3 | 1731 | 71.5 |
Type of delivery assistance | ||||||||||||
Health professional | 6899 | 81.7 | 11,477 | 89.6 | 11,130 | 61.9 | 7031 | 79.2 | 10,710 | 57.7 | 1694 | 71.2 |
Traditional birth attendants. | 598 | 7.1 | 274 | 2.1 | 2873 | 16.0 | 320 | 3.6 | 2282 | 12.3 | 267 | 11.2 |
Other untrained | 946 | 11.2 | 1060 | 8.3 | 3984 | 22.2 | 1525 | 17.2 | 5557 | 30.0 | 420 | 17.7 |
Mode of delivery | ||||||||||||
Vaginal | 6976 | 82.4 | 7795 | 60.8 | 15,472 | 85.3 | 7006 | 78.4 | 16,708 | 89.5 | 2046 | 84.4 |
Caesarean | 1492 | 17.6 | 5033 | 39.2 | 2669 | 14.7 | 1934 | 21.6 | 1956 | 10.5 | 377 | 15.6 |
Community level factor | ||||||||||||
Residence | ||||||||||||
Urban | 2881 | 34.0 | 5265 | 41.0 | 3046 | 16.8 | 3869 | 43.3 | 4191 | 22.5 | 347 | 14.3 |
Rural | 5588 | 66.0 | 7563 | 59.0 | 15,095 | 83.2 | 5071 | 56.7 | 14,472 | 77.5 | 2076 | 85.7 |