Table 3 Description of health system attributes and factors associated with perceived access to cervical cancer treatment and care from health worker surveys
Participant type | Health worker [N=80] | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Variables | n (%) | Bivariate analysis p-value | Logistic regression analysis p-value |
Mean age of health workers | 37 (SD=10) | ||
23 - 30 | 15 (19) | 0.947 | - |
31 – 40 | 42 (54) | 0.162 | |
41 – 49 | 15(19) | 0.947 | |
54+ | 6 (8) | 0.015 | |
Mean number of years of experience of health workers | |||
1 – 5 | 12 (SD=10) | ||
6 – 10 | 22 (28) | 0.469 | |
11 – 20 | 27 (34) | 0.046 | - |
23+ | 20 (26) 9 (12) | 0.432 0.002 | |
Health facilities in the survey | |||
Parirenyatwa Hospital | 42 (54) | ||
Harare Hospital | 26 (33) | - | - |
Island Hospice | 9 (12) | ||
Cancer Centre | 1 (1) | ||
Continuous Professional Development support | |||
Yes | 62 (80) | ||
No | 8 (10) | ||
Not applicable | 8 (10) | 0.306 | - |
Institutions of basic training | |||
University of Zimbabwe | 17 (22) | 0.046 | |
National University of Science and Technology | 3 (4) | 0.214 | 0.959 |
Ministry of Health and Child Welfare | 58 (74) | Ref | |
Specialization | |||
Yes | 41 (53) | 0.645 | |
No | 37 (47) | - | |
Adequacy of health professionals | |||
Yes | 9 (11) | ||
No | 67 (86) | 0.360 | |
Do not know | 2 (3) | - | |
Motivation | |||
Yes | 54 (69) | ||
No | 18 (23) | 0.161 | |
Not applicable | 6 (8) | - | |
Remuneration satisfaction | |||
Yes | 5 (6) | ||
No | 67 (86) | 0.497 | |
Not applicable | 6 (8) | - | |
Relationship with patients | |||
Excellent | 31 (40) | ||
Good | 44 (56) | 0.592 | |
Poor | 2 (3) | - | |
Refused to comment | 1 (1) | ||
Knowledge of national cancer policy | |||
Yes | 30 (38) | 0.132 | 0.422 |
No | 48 (62) | Ref | |
Knowledge of cervical cancer policy | |||
Yes | 30 (38) | 0.049 | 0.456 |
No | 48 (62) | Ref | |
Adequacy of policies for treatment of cervical cancer | |||
Yes | 44 (56) | 0.693 | |
No | 34 (44) | 0.026 | Ref |
Support treatment seeking abroad | |||
Yes | 58 (74) | 0.432 | |
No | 20 (26) | - | |
Disease presentation | |||
Early | 3 (4) | 0.496 | |
Late | 75 (96) | - | |
Service quality perceptions | |||
Excellent | 22 (28) | ||
Good | 46 (59) | 0.613 | 0.035 |
Poor | 8 (10) | ||
Do not know | 2 (3) | ||
Screening services at health facility | |||
Yes | 9 (12) | 0.002 | |
No | 69 (88) | - | |
Strength of surveillance system for cervical cancer | |||
Yes | 18 (23) | ||
No | 57 (73) | 0.008 | |
Do not know | 3 (3) | - | |
Adequacy of basic equipmenta | |||
Yes | 45 (58) | ||
No | 27 (34) | 0.984 | |
Do not know | 6 (8) | - | |
Modern equipment adequacya | |||
Yes | 40 (51) | <0.001 | 0.591 |
No | 27 (35) | ||
Do not know | 11 (14) | ||
Functional equipmenta | |||
Yes | 36 (46) | 0.633 | |
No | 34 (44) | ||
Do not know | 8 (10) | - | |
Electricity challengesa | |||
Yes | 7 (9) | 0.001 | 0.036 |
No | 52 (67) | ||
Do not know | 19 (24) | ||
Water challengesa | |||
Yes | 38 (49) | 0.009 | 0.674 |
No | 24 (31) | ||
Do not know | 16 (20) | ||
Cancer drug stock-outsa | |||
Yes | 7 (9) | 0.001 | 0.143 |
No | 28 (36) | ||
Do not know | 43 (55) | ||
Analgesic adequacya | |||
Yes | 39 (50) | 0.773 | |
No | 13 (17) | ||
Do not know | 26 (33) | - | |
Analgesic stock-outsa | |||
Yes | 17 (22) | 0.203 | 0.639 |
No | 34 (43) | ||
Do not know | 27 (35) | ||
Challenges faced in seeking treatment | |||
Finances | 29 (37) | 0.066 | |
Transport | 49 (67) | 0.078 | |
Knowledge of clinical guidelines for cervical cancer | |||
Yes | 59 (75) | ||
No | 13 (17) | ||
Do not know | 6 (8) | 0.757 | |