Skip to main content

Table 2 Distribution of exposure to the four types of institutions by demographics and hospital resource use from 2013 to 2016, n(%)

From: Disparities in mental health care utilization among inpatients in various types of health institutions: a cross-sectional study based on EHR data in Shanghai, China

Variable

Community health centre

Secondary general hospital

Tertiary general hospital

Specialty hospital

Total

P-value

(n = 605)

(n = 1893)

(n = 1478)

(n = 3934)

(n = 7910)

 

Personal demographics

 Sex

  Male

175 (28.93)

842 (44.48)

1046 (70.77)

2227 (56.61)

4290 (54.24)

< 0.001

  Female

430 (71.07)

1051 (55.52)

432 (29.23)

1707 (43.39)

3620 (45.76)

 

 Age (year)

  ≤ 30

1 (0.17)

72 (3.80)

346 (23.41)

964 (24.50)

1383 (17.48)

< 0.001

  31–50

33 (5.45)

237 (12.52)

546 (36.94)

1681 (42.73)

2497 (31.57)

 

  51–70

117 (19.34)

790 (41.73)

437 (29.57)

1137 (28.90)

2481 (31.37)

 

  > 70

454 (75.04)

794 (41.94)

149 (10.08)

152 (3.86)

1549 (19.58)

 

 Residence status

  Non-registered resident

2 (0.33)

118 (6.23)

613 (41.47)

703 (17.87)

1436 (18.15)

< 0.001

  Registered resident

603 (99.67)

1775 (93.77)

865 (58.53)

3231 (82.13)

6474 (81.85)

 

 Marital status (missing = 20)

  Unmarried

19 (3.15)

96 (5.12)

167 (11.30)

1605 (40.81)

1887 (23.92)

< 0.001

  Married

347 (57.45)

1674 (89.28)

1303 (88.16)

1497 (38.06)

4821 (61.10)

 

  Widowed

210 (34.77)

81 (4.32)

3 (0.20)

113 (2.87)

407 (5.16)

 

  Divorced

11 (1.82)

14 (0.75)

3 (0.20)

368 (9.36)

396 (5.02)

 

  Other

17 (2.81)

10 (0.53)

2 (0.14)

350 (8.90)

379 (4.80)

 

 Health insurance

  Urban social insurance for workers

196 (32.40)

1402 (74.06)

463 (31.33)

1941 (49.34)

4002 (50.59)

< 0.001

  Urban social insurance for citizens

165 (27.27)

111 (5.86)

97 (6.56)

689 (17.51)

1062 (13.43)

 

  New rural cooperative medical Insurance

62 (10.25)

37 (1.95)

7 (0.47)

213 (5.41)

319 (4.03)

 

  Self-pay

170 (28.10)

281 (14.84)

903 (61.10)

1020 (25.93)

2374 (30.01)

 

  Other

12 (1.98)

62 (3.28)

8 (0.54)

71 (1.80)

153 (1.93)

 

 Hospital resource use

  Hospitalizations per bed, %, M (SD)

94.23 (2.21)

96.60 (4.39)

99.89 (0.78)

97.44 (4.80)

94.23 (2.21)

< 0.001

  Length of stay, days, M (SD)

95.51 (183.80)

29.64 (50.81)

6.01 (10.71)

240.58 (766.92)

135.17 (554.19)

< 0.001

  Total cost, thousand RMB, M (SD)

7.82 (7.53)

17.96 (26.57)

5.68 (13.37)

33.04 (67.53)

22.39 (51.03)

< 0.001

  Out-of-pocket cost, thousand RMB, M (SD)

6.73 (11.21)

4.49 (13.21)

0.89 (2.80)

3.04 (12.26)

3.11 (11.34)

< 0.001

  1. Note: P-values based on a Chi-square test for categorical measures and ANOVA for continuous measures