Fig. 4

Mortality risks for children whose mother died when child was aged 0–5 years. Note: The sizes of boxes on study-specific 95% confidence intervals are proportional to % weight. Diamond symbols represent the 95% confidence interval for the pooled estimate of each sub-group. (*) Number represent child deaths/total children in mother died (exposed) and mother survived (unexposed) groups. These numbers were extracted from the studies but not use to estimate effect sizes. Effect estimates were extracted from the study reports and were usually estimated from multivariate regression models. Clark et al. [11] reported number of all causes child deaths (HIV/TB-related deaths were excluded)/ total number of children; Masmas et al. [27] reported number of child deaths/ total number of children