Fig. 3

Mortality risks for children whose mother died when child was aged up to 12 months. Note: The sizes of boxes on study-specific 95% confidence intervals are proportional to % weight. Diamond symbols represent the 95% confidence interval for the pooled estimate of each sub-group. (*) Numbers represent mortality rate (number of child deaths) or child deaths/total children in mother died (exposed) and mother survived (unexposed) groups. These numbers were extracted from the studies but not directly use to estimate effect sizes. Effect estimates were extracted from the study reports and were usually estimated from multivariate regression models. Katz et al. [30] and Ng’weshemi et al. [33] reported deaths per 1000 live births (n deaths). Scott et al. [35] reported mortality rate per 1000 child years (n deaths); Sartorius et al. [24] reported incident rate ratios. Finlay et al. [10] and Moucheraud et al. [31] reported deaths per 100,000 child-days (n deaths)