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Table 4 Multiple lineal regression analysis for self-reported outcome measures with sex and age as dependent variables in the sample (n = 1086)

From: Unemployment and work disability in individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis: a community-based cross-sectional study from Spain

 

UNIVARIATE

 

MULTIVARIATE

 

Variable

n

OR (95% CI)

p-valuea

OR (95% CI)

p-valuea

Gender

 Female

978

1.01 (0.68–1.51)

0.959

0.97 (0.56–1.67)

0.906

 Male

108

1

 

1

 

Age range, years

  ≤ 40

253

1

 

1

 

 41–50

428

1.28 (0.94–1.75)

0.123

1.59 (1.04–2.42)

0.031*

  > 50

405

1.70 (1. 23–2.34)

0.001***

2.21 (1.41–3.46)

<  0.001***

Age of pain onset

 Early, ≤ 3 yrs

532

1

 

1

 

 Late, >  3 yrs

520

1.44 (1. 12–1.84)

0.004**

1.49 (0.75–2.95)

0.254

VAS (fatigue/pain)

 Lower

645

1

 

1

 

 Higher

441

2.24 (1.73–2.89)

<  0.001***

2.09 (1.47–2.97)

<  0.001***

Cognitive symptoms

 Severe

846

1

 

1

 

 Mild/moderate

61

1.66 (1. 30–2.13)

<  0.001***

0.28 (0.05–1.64)

0.159

 No symptoms

179

0.76 (0.47–1.23)

0.077**

0.60 (0. 37-0.96)

0.033*

Neurological symptoms

 Severe

606

1

 

1

 

 Mild/moderate

451

1.66 (1. 30–2.13)

<  0.001***

1.37 (0.92–2.04)

0.117

 No symptoms

29

0.82 (0.51–1.23)

0.214

11.02 (2. 24–54.29)

0.003**

Autonomic dysfunction

 Severe

412

1

 

1

 

 Mild/moderate

161

2.21 (1.71–2.87)

<  0.001***

0.22 (0.03–1.51)

0.122

 No symptoms

513

0.81 (0. 37–1.76)

0.093

0.57 (0. 38–0.83)

0.004**

Fibromyalgia

 No

464

1

 

1

 

 Yes

601

1.92 (1.50–2.45)

<  0.001***

1.27 (0.87–1.83)

0.214

Ligamentous Hyperlaxity

 No

719

1

 

1

 

 Yes

365

1.45 (1. 12–1.88)

0.005**

1.36 (0.94–1.97)

0.100

SF-36 (physical health)

 Lower

542

1

 

1

 

 Higher

541

0.48 (0. 38–0.62)

<  0.001***

0.45 (0. 31–0.66)

<  0.001***

SF-36 (mental health)

 Lower

542

1

 

1

 

 Higher

541

0.66 (0.52–0.84)

<  0.001***

0.50 (0. 33–0.75)

<  0.001***

HADS

 No symptoms

250

1

 

1

 

 Mild/moderate

583

1.82 (1. 35–2.45)

<  0.001***

0.90 (0.56–1.44)

0.667

 Severe

240

1.86 (1. 30–2.67)

<  0.001***

1.98 (1. 20–3.26)

0.007**

FIS-40

 Mild/moderate

512

1

 

1

 

 Severe

463

2.61 (2.01–3.39)

<  0.001***

1.27 (0.82–2.04)

0.311

D-FIS-8

 Lower fatigue

563

1

 

1

 

 Higher fatigue

514

2.44 (1.90–3.13)

<  0.001***

1.55 (1.08–2.21)

0.017*

PSQI

 Good sleepers

572

1

 

1

 

 Poor sleepers

446

1.47 (1. 14–1.90)

0.003**

0.98 (0.66–1.48)

0.913

SCL-90-R

 Mild/moderate

90

1

 

1

 

 No symptoms

125

1.1 (0.87–1.91)

0.217

1.30 (1. 15–2.73)

0.571

 Severe

430

1.98 (1.51–2.61)

<  0.001***

1.34 (0.82–2.21)

0.243

  1. CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio, VAS Visual analogue scale, FIS Fatigue impact scale, SF-36 Short form 36-item health survey, HADS Hospital anxiety and depression scale, PSQI Pittsburgh sleep questionnaire index, SCL-90-R Symptom checklist-90-revised
  2. *Significance at 0.05
  3. **Significance at 0.01
  4. ***Significance at 0.001
  5. aData analysis using ANOVA