Coverage and determinants of influenza vaccine among pregnant women: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health

Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of study participants and comparison with women giving birth to live children among Singapore population in 2017

	Study population		National population^a
	n	%	%
Total	500	100	100
Age group (years)
21 to 25 years	54	10.8	5.0
26 to 30 years	184	36.8	26.1
31 to 35 years	182	36.4	40.9
36 to 40 years	71	14.2	22.7
41 to 45 years	9	1.8	4.4
Trimester of pregnancy
First (1 to 12 weeks)	49	9.8
Second (13 to 27 weeks)	162	32.4
Third (28 weeks and above)	289	57.8
Residential status
Citizen	378	75.6
Permanent Resident	71	14.2
Foreigner/ missing	51	10.2
Ethnic group
Chinese	200	40.0	58.3
Malay	163	32.6	20.1
Indian	68	13.6	9.7
Other^b	50	10.0	11.9
Prefer not to answer	19	3.8
Highest education level^c
Primary (PSLE or equivalent)	2	0.4
Lower secondary	9	1.8
Secondary (N/O levels pass)	49	9.8
Post-secondary (A levels/ Nitec/higher Nitec/Master Nitec)	47	9.4
Polytechnic	68	13.6
Professional qualification and other Diploma (NIE/ITE/SIM diploma)	68	13.6
University bachelor degree	204	40.8
University Master’s degree and above	53	10.6
Total monthly household income
< $1000	14	2.8
$1000–$4999	213	42.6
$5000–$9999	127	25.4
$10,000–$14,999	48	9.6
$15,000–$19,999	10	2.0
$20,000+	20	4.0
Prefer not to answer	68	13.6
Type of housing
HDB^d 1–2 rooms	21	4.2
HDB^d 3–4 rooms	274	54.8
HDB^d 5 rooms	112	22.4
Condominium	48	9.6
Landed property	22	4.4
Prefer not to answer	23	4.6
Marital status
Married	475	95.0
Single, separated or divorced	11	2.2
Prefer not to answer	14	2.8
First pregnancy
No	266	53.2
Yes	234	46.8
Eligible for Medisave
No/ Not sure	79	15.8
Yes	421	84.2
Insurance^e
Yes	231	46.2
No	127	25.4
Not sure	142	28.4

^a Data on women giving birth to live children extracted from Singapore Demographic Bulletin, 3rd Quarter 2017 from Singapore Immigration and Checkpoints Authority [24]
^b Includes Filipino, Caucasian, Javanese, Pakistani, Vietnamese, Myanmar, Arabic, Boyanese, Korean, Sikh, Asian
^c PSLE Primary School Leaving Examination, N/O Singapore General Certificate of Education: Normal/Ordinary Level, GCE A Singapore General Certificate of Education: Advanced Level, Nitec National Institute Of Technical Education Certificate, NIE National Institute of Education, ITE Institute of Technical Education, SIM Singapore Institute of Management
^d Singapore Housing and Development Board
^e Has private or employer health insurance that covers the cost of the influenza vaccine

ISSN: 1471-2458