The HealtheSteps™ lifestyle prescription program to improve physical activity and modifiable risk factors for chronic disease: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial

Table 4 Within Group Changes (from Baseline) in Proportions of Participants Consuming Fruit and Vegetables ≥3 times/day or Sugary Foods <once/day^a

	Baseline		6 months			12 months			18 months
	N	n (%)	N	n (%)	P ^b	N	n (%)	P ^c	N	n (%)	P ^c
Fruit and vegetable consumption ≥3 times/day
Intervention	59	25 (42.4%)	42	31 (73.8%)	0.046	36	28 (77.8%)	0.03	33	23 (69.7%)	0.09
Comparator	59	34 (57.6%)	46	27 (58.7%)	0.95	–	–	–	–	–	–
Diff. between groups					0.16
Sugary food consumption <once/day
Intervention	58	22 (37.9%)	42	22 (52.4%)	0.27	36	22 (61.1%)	0.13	33	18 (54.6%)	0.27
Comparator	59	24 (40.7%)	46	17 (37.0%)	0.76	–	–	–	–	–	–
Diff. between groups					0.32

Note: Percentages were calculated excluding missing values
^aSecondary categorical-level outcomes from the modified Dietary Intake Nutrition Examination. Fruit and vegetable consumption was estimated from one question and sugary food consumption was derived from a sugary food score that counted consumption of chocolates/sweets, cookies, and sugary drinks
^bFrom log-linear (modified Poisson) mixed effects regression models that included terms for group, time, group x time, age, sex and site. P-value is for the likelihood of achieving outcome at 6 months (vs baseline)
^cFrom log-linear (modified Poisson) mixed effects regression models that included terms for time, age, sex and site. P-value is for the likelihood of achieving outcome at 12 months or 18 months (vs baseline)

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