The HealtheSteps™ lifestyle prescription program to improve physical activity and modifiable risk factors for chronic disease: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Differences Between Groups in Continuous-Level Study Outcomes at 6 Months (n = 118)

	Difference Between Groups in Mean Change at 6 Months^a
	Mean	95% CI	P value
Average steps/day	3132	1969 to 4294	< 0.001
Total physical activity, MET-min/week^b	0.76	−8.22 to 9.74	0.87
Sitting time, min/day^c	−0.08	−0.16 to − 0.006	0.03
Healthful eating score^d	−1.50	−2.42 to −0.58	0.002
Fatty food score^e	−0.68	−2.55 to 1.19	0.47
Self-rated health^f	1.55	−3.25 to 6.35	0.52
Weight, kg	−0.46	−2.35 to 1.42	0.63
Body mass index, kg/m²	−0.23	−0.89 to 0.42	0.48
Waist circumference, cm	−1.53	−3.74 to 0.69	0.17
Systolic BP, mmHg	0.23	−5.02 to 5.48	0.93
Diastolic BP, mmHg	0.27	−3.26 to 3.81	0.88

Abbreviations: BP Blood Pressure, CI Confidence Interval, MET Metabolic Equivalents
^aCalculated from linear mixed effects regression models that included terms for time, group x time, age, sex, site. Results should be interpreted for the intervention group (vs. comparator) at 6 months (vs. baseline)
^bFrom the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form; square-root transformation applied
^cFrom the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form; log transformation applied
^dFrom Starting the Conversation questionnaire (lower score = more healthful eating; score range: 0–16)
^eFrom a modified version of the Dietary Instrument for Nutrition Education (lower score = lower/less fat consumption; score range: 8–68)
^fFrom EuroQol questionnaire – visual analogue scale (higher = better state of health; score range: 0–100)

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