|
Category
| |
No. of studies
|
Pooled prevalence (95% CI)
|
Cumulative Positives/cumulative sample size
|
p-value in between group comparison
|
|---|
|
All studies
|
Overall
|
56
|
34.4 (29.3–39.6)
|
7087/22005
| |
|
Subgroup
|
|
Year of publication
|
2007–2016
|
53
|
34 (28.7–39.5)
|
6276/20172
|
0.3525
|
|
2006 and before
|
3
|
41.7 (26.8–57.5)
|
811/1833
|
|
Setting
|
Rural
|
28
|
37.8 (29.9–45.9)
|
4345/11600
|
0.2778
|
|
Urban
|
27
|
32.1 (26.1–38.5)
|
2736/10296
|
|
Region
|
South
|
26
|
39.8 (34.5–45.3)
|
3877/10374
|
0.0073
|
|
North and Central
|
15
|
21.6 (13.3–31.3)
|
1459/7449
|
|
East including North-east
|
6
|
47.9 (30.1–66.1)
|
447/1084
|
|
West
|
9
|
32.7 (21.1–45.5)
|
1304/3098
|
|
State
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
5
|
40.1 (32–48.5)
|
841/2190
|
< 0.001
|
|
Assam
|
1
|
17.3 (13.9–21.3)
|
69/400
|
|
Delhi
|
1
|
45.6 (39.5–51.8)
|
114/250
|
|
Gujrat
|
1
|
35.7 (25.5–47.4)
|
25/70
|
|
Haryana
|
3
|
28.6 (10.8–50.7)
|
826/2286
|
|
Himachal Pradesh
|
2
|
9.4 (7.4–11.5)
|
76/800
|
|
Jammu and Kashmir
|
1
|
7.9 (4.2–14.3)
|
9/114
|
|
Karnataka
|
11
|
33.1 (27.8–38.5)
|
1155/3466
|
|
Kerala
|
2
|
25.0 (21.4–28.9)
|
129/515
|
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
1
|
9.6 (6.3–14.4)
|
20/208
|
|
Maharashtra
|
8
|
32.3 (20–46.1)
|
1279/3028
|
|
Punjab
|
4
|
37.4 (20.1–56.6)
|
348/3138
|
|
Tamil Nadu
|
8
|
53.7 (38.9–68.2)
|
1752/4203
|
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
2
|
10.9 (8.3–13.6)
|
60/544
|
|
Uttarakhand
|
1
|
5.5 (2.5–11.5)
|
6/109
|
|
West Bengal
|
5
|
55.1 (50.5–59.7)
|
378/684
|
|
EAG states
|
EAG and Assam
|
5
|
11.3 (7.6–15.8)
|
155/1261
|
< 0.001
|
|
Non-EAG states†
|
25
|
34.3 (25.4–43.8)
|
3055/10370
|
|
South Indian states
|
26
|
39.8 (34.5–45.3)
|
3877/10374
|
|
Sampling methods
|
Probability
|
43
|
31.8 (26.4–37.4)
|
5069/17812
|
0.0475
|
|
Non-probability
|
6
|
38.4 (22.2–55.9)
|
1006/1935
|
|
Not known
|
7
|
47.7 (36.1–59.4)
|
1012/2258
|
|
Instrument
|
CES-D
|
3
|
39.5 (21.7–58.9)
|
1001/1934
|
< 0.001
|
|
GDS
|
41
|
37.9 (31.5–44.5)
|
4819/15030
|
|
HDRS
|
3
|
10.2 (6.5–14.6)
|
86/870
|
|
PHQ
|
4
|
19.7 (7.5–35.7)
|
722/2599
|
|
Others‡
|
5
|
32.3 (21.8–43.8)
|
459/1572
|
|
Type of instrument
|
GDS
|
41
|
37.9 (31.5–44.5)
|
4819/15030
|
0.0291
|
|
Others than GDS
|
15
|
25.4 (17.1–34.6)
|
2268/6975
|
- †Non-EAG states excluding South Indian states; ‡ “Others” in instruments included MDIPC v2.2, Goldberg and Bridges Scale, and BDI (G)
