Perceptions of the possible health and economic impacts of Seattle’s sugary beverage tax

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Perceived Positive Impacts of the Tax, by Income Level and Race/Ethnicity

	Perceived Positive Impacts of the Sugary Beverage Tax	Unadjusted Perceived Positive Impacts of Sugary Beverage Tax¹		Adjusted Perceived Positive Impacts of Sugary Beverage Tax^1,2
	Mean Score (CI)	β (95% CI)	p value	β (95% CI)	p value
Income Level
<260% FPL	1.9 (1.3, 2.4)	−1.4 (−2.2, −0.67)	<0.001*	− 0.98 (− 1.8, − 0.19)	0.015
≥260% FPL	3.3 (2.8, 3.8)	reference		reference
Race/Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White	3.0 (2.5, 3.5)	reference	0.49⁴	reference	0.85⁴
Non-Hispanic Black/African American	2.1 (0.93, 3.3)	−0.84 (−2.1, 0.46)		−0.13 (−1.5, 1.2)
Non-Hispanic Asian	2.5 (1.2, 3.8)	−0.51 (−1.8, 0.86)		−0.50 (− 1.8, 0.84)
Non-Hispanic Other³	2.2 (1.0, 3.3)	−0.83 (−2.0, 0.40)		−0.63 (−1.9, 0.65)
Hispanic	2.3 (0.70, 3.8)	−0.71 (−2.3, 0.93)		0.10 (−1.5, 1.7)
Constant		3.0 (2.5, 3.5)		4.4 (2.3, 6.5)

CI confidence interval
¹Estimated using linear regression models with robust standard errors. Compared to the reference population, a lower score can be interpreted as a less positive perception of tax impacts
²In addition to mutually adjusting for income and race/ethnicity, models control for education, sex, age, political affiliation
³People who are Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, American Indian and Alaska Natives, or two or more races are categorized as non-Hispanic Other
⁴Global p values that compare all race/ethnicities to each other
* Perceived positive impacts of sugary beverages among lower-income participants is statistically significantly different from perceived positive impacts of sugary beverages among higher-income participants, after considering multiple comparisons, using the Holm-Bonferroni Sequential Correction (p < 0.01)

ISSN: 1471-2458