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Table 1 Basic characteristics by waist circumference trajectories at baseline and wave 4 (N = 4992)

From: Waist circumference trajectories and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korean population: the Korean genome and epidemiology study (KoGES)

 

Waist circumference (WC) trajectory

p-value

Group A (Very low-stable)

Group B (Low-stable)

Group C (Moderate-stable)

Group D (Elevated-increasing)

Group E (High-increasing)

N = 4992

N = 635

N = 1426

N = 1662

N = 1012

N = 257

 

Waist circumference, cm

 at baseline

69.9 ± 4.5

77.1 ± 4.4

83.7 ± 4.0

90.1 ± 4.0

98.8 ± 5.0

<.0001

 at wave 4

69.5 ± 4.4

77.8 ± 4.2

85.5 ± 4.0

93.3 ± 3.9

102.3 ± 4.7

<.0001

BMI, kg/m2

 at baseline

21.0 ± 2.0

23.1 ± 2.1

24.7 ± 2.0

26.7 ± 2.1

29.9 ± 2.5

<.0001

 at wave 4

20.9 ± 2.0

22.9 ± 2.0

24.6 ± 1.9

26.7 ± 2.1

29.8 ± 2.6

<.0001

Fasting glucose, mg/dl

 at baseline

84.7 ± 7.7

86.5 ± 8.0

87.7 ± 8.2

88.6 ± 8.1

88.9 ± 8.4

<.0001

 at wave 4

86.8 ± 8.0

90.5 ± 8.3

93.3 ± 9.1

95.7 ± 9.8

95.4 ± 9.7

<.0001

Systolic BP, mmHg

 at baseline

110.4 ± 17.3

115.6 ± 16.8

120.8 ± 17.5

125.9 ± 17.5

129.9 ± 18.4

<.0001

 at wave 4

107.4 ± 15.6

113.3 ± 15.0

118.7 ± 15.1

123.4 ± 15.6

127.3 ± 15.3

<.0001

Diastolic BP, mmHg

 at baseline

77.6 ± 11.1

77.3 ± 10.7

81.3 ± 11.3

84.2 ± 11.1

86.6 ± 10.9

<.0001

 at wave 4

74.7 ± 9.5

74.8 ± 9.5

78.3 ± 9.4

81.1 ± 9.1

82.5 ± 8.9

<.0001

Total cholesterol, mg/dl

 at baseline

188.8 ± 32.7

192.6 ± 34.4

198.5 ± 35.0

201.8 ± 33.5

206.3 ± 38.2

<.0001

 at wave 4

194.9 ± 34.1

195.6 ± 34.9

196.3 ± 34.3

196.6 ± 34.5

198.6 ± 31.4

0.6138

N (%)

 

Age, years

  < 50

235 (37.0)

375 (26.3)

344 (20.7)

133 (13.1)

28 (10.9)

<.0001

 50–59

246 (38.7)

635 (44.5)

658 (39.6)

386 (38.1)

71 (27.6)

 

 60+

154 (24.3)

416 (29.2)

660 (39.7)

493 (48.7)

158 (61.5)

 

Sex

 Women

463 (72.9)

809 (56.7)

716 (43.1)

488 (48.2)

174 (67.7)

<.0001

Smoking status

 Former smoker

63 (9.9)

221 (15.5)

416 (25.0)

235 (23.2)

34 (13.2)

<.0001

 Current smoker

74 (11.7)

237 (16.6)

307 (18.5)

166 (16.4)

30 (11.7)

 

Drinking status

 Yes

226 (35.6)

669 (46.9)

900 (54.2)

472 (46.6)

108 (42.0)

<.0001

Regular exercise

 Yes

294 (46.3)

624 (43.8)

677 (40.7)

362 (35.8)

74 (28.8)

<.0001

  1. Abbreviation: BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, SD standard deviation