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Table 5 The adjusted ORs (and 95% CIs) of SGA according to the estimated exposure levels in three-pollutants model, for trimester specific exposure windows, among 2709 preterm births

From: Effect of ambient air pollution on premature SGA in Changzhou city, 2013–2016: a retrospective study

Air pollutants levels a

NO.

Trimester1

Trimester2

Trimester3

Whole gestation

OR b

95% CI

OR b

95% CI

OR b

95% CI

OR b

95% CI

PM2.5 (μg/m3)

 1st quartile

677

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 2nd quartile

677

1.03

0.76

1.87

0.83

0.56

1.34

1.32

0.80

2.18

1.05

0.56

1.64

 3rd quartile

677

1.13

0.87

2.13

1.28

0.65

1.67

1.46

0.87

2.29

1.41

0.44

1.15

 4th quartile

678

1.35

1.02

2.56

0.97

0.76

1.43

1.91

1.21

2.83

2.33

1.02

2.68

P for trend

 

0.121

0.374

0.025

0.001

NO2 (μg/m3)

 1st quartile

677

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 2nd quartile

677

1.01

0.68

1.58

0.99

0.63

1.56

1.16

0.76

1.98

0.96

0.54

1.47

 3rd quartile

676

1.08

0.71

1.62

1.30

0.79

2.01

1.06

0.65

1.78

0.98

0.69

1.87

 4th quartile

679

0.87

0.53

1.33

1.36

0.89

2.31

1.45

0.91

2.23

1.06

0.54

2.92

P for trend

 

0.436

0.076

0.165

0.016

SO2 (μg/m3)

 1st quartile

677

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 2nd quartile

677

1.17

0.89

1.83

1.20

0.77

1.38

1.01

0.53

1.17

0.98

0.89

1.15

 3rd quartile

677

1.05

0.99

1.11

1.06

0.89

1.23

1.24

0.78

1.32

1.02

0.82

1.38

 4th quartile

678

1.01

1.01

1.25

1.12

0.88

2.41

1.15

0.89

2.56

1.18

0.77

2.51

P for trend

 

0.657

0.175

0.078

0.004

  1. SGA: small for gestational age, OR: odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, PM2.5: particular matter, NO2: nitrogen dioxide, SO2: sulphur dioxide
  2. a. Adjusting for infant gender, maternal age (< 20, 20–30, 30–40, > 40) and parity (once, twice or more), year of birth (2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016), season of birth (spring, summer, autumn, winter), gestational age,, and meteorological information (mean temperature, relative humidity and air pressure)
  3. b. OR per 10 units increase