Leptospirosis and its prevention: knowledge, attitude and practice of urban community in Selangor, Malaysia

BMC Public Health

Table 5 Association between socio-demographic characteristics with preventive practice towards leptospirosis

Variable	Practice level		p-value	Prevalence Ratio	95% CI
Variable	Unacceptable (%)	Good (%)			Lower	Upper
Age
< 32 years old	146 (82.1)	32 (17.9)	0.650^a	0.897	0.563	1.432
≥ 32 years old	110 (80.0)	27 (20.0)
Gender
Male	125 (77.6)	36 (22.4)	0.091^a	1.497	0.932	1.015
Female	131 (85.1)	23 (14.9)
Ethnicity
Bumiputra	213 (80.7)	51 (19.3)	0.543^a	1.232	0.622	2.437
Non-Bumiputra	43 (84.3)	8 (15.7)
Education Level**
Low education	164 (77.7)	47 (22.3)	0.022^a*	1.930	1.071	3.478
High education	92 (88.5)	12 (11.5)
Monthly income (MYR) ^†
Low income	121 (84.0)	23 (16.0)	0.250^a	0.759	0.472	1.219
High income	135 (78.9)	36 (21.1)

^a Chi square; *Significant by chi-square at p < 0.05; **Significant by logistic regression for education level (AOR 2.197; 95% CI = 1.109, 4.352; p = 0.024); ^† Malaysian Ringgit

ISSN: 1471-2458