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Table 3 Individual and school factors associated with abdominal obesity

From: Association between school-level attributes and weight status of Ghanaian primary school children

 

Univariable model a

  

Multivariable model b

OR (95% CI)

SE

p-value

OR (95% CI)

SE

p-value

Intercept (null model)

0.209 (0.120, 0.362)

0.059

    

Age

1.108 (0.857, 1.432)

0.145

0.433

1.145 (0.891, 1.471)

0.146

0.289

Sex (Boy)

0.879 (0.545, 1.418)

0.214

0.597

0.888 (0.549, 1.437)

0.218

0.629

Median household wealth index

1.018 (0.885, 1.170)

0.072

0.805

Household SES

 Poor

1

  

 Middle

1.262 (0.721, 2.211)

0.361

0.416

 Rich

1.236 (0.607, 2.517)

0.448

0.559

 School level SES

1.636 (1.155, 2.317)

0.290

0.006

1.501 (0.951, 2.369)

0.349

0.081

 School type (Private)

2.420 (0.880, 6.655)

1.249

0.087

0.489 (0.150, 1.593)

0.295

0.235

 School cafeteria

2.661 (1.017, 6.962)

1.306

0.046

1.401 (0.678, 2.896)

0. 519

0.362

 School shop

3.473 (1.410, 8.555)

1.597

0.007

1.234 (0.531, 2.871)

0.532

0.625

 Fast food outlets close to school

0.597 (0.075, 4.756)

0.632

0.626

 Healthful foods

1.556 (0.968, 2.503)

0.377

0.068

1.253 (0.881, 1.783)

0.225

0.210

 Less healthful foods

1.166 (0.910, 1.495)

0.148

0.224

   

 PA facility index

0.822 (0.663, 1.019)

0.090

0.073

0.782 (0.627, 0.974)

0.088

0.028

 Minutes per week for PA

0.993 (0.960, 1.027)

0.017

0.694

 School support for active transport

0.940 (0.614, 1.438)

0.204

0.775

 Perceived neighbourhood quality

1.128 (0.821, 1.550)

0.183

0.456

 After-school PA facilities

1.815 (1.323, 2.492)

0.293

< 0.0001

1.642 (1.233, 2.187)

0.240

0.001

 Physical activity policies and practices

0.308 (0.046, 2.081)

0.300

0.227

 Nutrition and healthy eating policies and practices

0.715 (0.149, 3.427)

0.512

0.675

 Physical activity on timetable

0.702 (0.157, 3.132)

0.535

0.642

Random effects

 School level

0.871 (0.299, 2.421)

0.044

    

 ICC

0.206 (0.083, 0.424)

0.087

    
  1. a Univariable models using mixed effects logistic regression; b Explanatory variables with p-values less than 0.20 were forced into the same multivariable model (full model). Variables adjusted for: school level SES, school type, school cafeteria, school shop, healthful foods, PA facility index, after-school recreational facilities, sex and child’s age. OR odds ratio, SE standard error, CI confidence intervals. PA physical activity, SES socioeconomic status