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Table 2 Individual and school factors associated with overweight

From: Association between school-level attributes and weight status of Ghanaian primary school children

 

Univariable models a

  

Multivariable models b

OR (95% CI)

SE

p-value

OR 95% CI

SE

p-value

Intercept (null model)

0.150 (0.074, 0.303)

0.054

    

Age

0.931 (0.710, 1.220)

0.128

0.604

1.031 (0.791, 1.343)

0.139

0.823

Sex (Boys)

0.901 (0.540, 1.502)

0.235

0.689

0.921 (0.551, 1.540)

0.241

0.755

Median household wealth index

1.068 (0.915, 1.246)

0.084

0.404

Household SES

 Poor

1

     

 Middle

1.398 (0.751, 2.560)

0.442

0.290

 Rich

1.220 (0.562, 2.648)

0.482

0.615

 School level SES

2.052 (1.433, 2.939)

0.376

< 0.0001

1.998 (1.153, 3.462)

0.560

0.014

 School type (Private)

4.190 (1.350, 13.004)

2.421

0.013

0.399 (0.110, 1.442)

0.262

0.161

 School cafeteria

3.815 (1.245, 11.690)

2.179

0.019

1.329 (0.458, 3.857)

0.722

0.601

 School shop

5.067 (1.744, 14.721)

2.757

0.003

1.343 (0.557, 3.237)

0.603

0.511

 Fast food outlets close to school

1.379 (0.091, 20.851)

1.911

0.871

 Healthful foods

2.313 (1.265, 4.229)

0.712

0.006

1.577 (1.055, 2.358)

0.323

0.026

 Less healthful foods

1.274 (0.946, 1.716)

0.193

0.110

0.944 (0.735, 1.214)

0.121

0.656

 PA facility index

0.848 (0.672, 1.071)

0.101

0.167

0.835 (0.661, 1.054)

0.099

0.129

 Minutes per week for PA

0.980 (0.935, 1.028)

0.024

0.420

 School support for active transport

0.936 (0.547, 1.603)

0.267

0.810

 Perceived neighbourhood quality

1.263 (0.845, 1.887)

0.259

0.255

 After-school recreational facilities

1.849 (1.187, 2.883)

0.419

0.007

1.375 (1.013, 1.866)

0.214

0.041

 Physical activity policies and practices

0.217 (0.020, 2.325)

0.263

0.207

 Nutrition and healthy eating policies and practices

1.076 (0.131, 8.808)

1.154

0.946

 Physical activity on timetable

0.571 (0.087, 3.741)

0.547

0.559

Random effects

 School level

1.408 (0.485, 4.090)

0.766

    

 ICC

0.300 (0.128, 0.554)

0.114

    
  1. a Univariable models using mixed effects logistic regression; b Explanatory variables with p-values less than 0.20 were forced into the same multivariable model (full model). Covariates adjusted for: school level SES, school type, school cafeteria, school shop, healthful foods, less healthful foods, PA facility index, after school recreational facilities, sex and child’s age. OR odds ratio, SE standard error, CI confidence intervals. PA physical activity, SES socioeconomic status