A systematic review and meta-analysis in the effectiveness of mobile phone interventions used to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection

Table 4 Summary of primary and secondary outcome of mobile phone interventions delivered by phone call

Frequency of Interventions delivered by phone call	Trial	Outcome	RR	SMD	LCI	UCI	P value
Primary outcome
Weekly phone call	Uzma	HIV viral load	1.04		0.84	1.28	0.74
Weekly phone call	Uzma	Pill identification test	1.17		0.88	1.57	0.28
Daily phone-call	Belzer	HIV viral load difference		−1.00	−1.89	−0.11	0.03
Bi-weekly phone counseling	Kalichman	Pill count		6.30	−2.68	15.28	0.16
Fortnightly phone call	Huang naïve	CD4 count		10.00	−40.90	60.90	0.70
Fortnightly phone call	Huang experienced	CD4 count		−32.00	−103.19	39.19	0.39
Secondary outcome
Fortnightly phone call	Kebaya	Adherence 6 weeks (questionnaire)	1.26		1.07	1.47	0.00
Weekly phone call	Uzma	Self reported adherence	1.11		0.90	1.37	0.33
Daily phone call	Belzer	Self-reported adherence 3 months	4.86		1.22	19.28	0.03
Daily phone-call	Belzer	Self-reported adherence		47.74	19.52	75.96	0.00
Fortnightly phone call	Huang naïve	Self-reported adherence		3.20	−2.14	8.54	0.22
Fortnightly phone call	Huang experienced	Self-reported adherence		0.10	−0.58	0.78	0.78

ISSN: 1471-2458