From: Do the unemployed hit the bottle during economic downturns? An empirical approach for Spain
Base outcome = 0 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | ||||
Variable | ||||||
Pre-crisis (2006) | ||||||
Unemployed | −1.302 (− 4.46) | *** | − 0.665 (− 1.78) | * | − 0.596 (− 3.52) | *** |
Age | − 0.056 (− 6.33) | *** | 0.015 (1.31) | 0.026 (4.07) | *** | |
Male | 1.267 (7.09) | *** | 1.527 (6.09) | *** | 1.353 (10.31) | *** |
Educ2 | − 0.075 (− 0.29) | − 0.420 (−1.11) | −0.153 (− 0.81) | |||
Educ3 | 0.377 (1.61) | 0.248 (0.80) | 0.230 (1.30) | |||
Educ4 | 0.708 (2.22) | ** | 0.153 (0.33) | 0.428 (1.67) | * | |
Educ5 | 0.884 (3.43) | *** | 0.973 (3.08) | *** | 0.635 (3.15) | *** |
Married | −0.540 (−2.97) | *** | −0.054 (− 0.22) | − 0.033 (− 0.24) | ||
Nationality | − 0.388 (−1.20) | −0.205 (− 0.44) | −0.053 (− 0.21) | |||
Crisis (2011–2012) | ||||||
Unemployed | −0.079 (− 0.85) | − 0.695 (− 0.63) | −0.015 (− 0.23) | |||
Age | −0.030 (−9.16) | *** | 0.058 (1.72) | * | 0.044 (19.62) | *** |
Male | 1.557 (20.36) | *** | 2.702 (2.46) | *** | 1.821 (35.41) | *** |
Educ2 | −0.418 (−4.57) | *** | −0.303 (− 0.30) | − 0.126 (−1.96) | ** | |
Educ3 | 1.032 (6.92) | ** | 0.405 (0.32) | 0.445 (5.52) | *** | |
Educ4 | 1.023 (5.81) | *** | 1.805 (1.43) | 0.495 (4.47) | *** | |
Educ5 | 1.201 (7.81) | *** | −12.119 (−0.03) | 0.655 (7.52) | *** | |
Married | −0.376 (−4.80) | *** | −1.425 (− 1.66) | * | − 0.069 (− 1.34) | |
Nationality | − 0.501 (− 4.05) | *** | 2.735 (3.37) | *** | − 0.346 (− 3.91) | *** |