From: Do the unemployed hit the bottle during economic downturns? An empirical approach for Spain
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable/specification | ||||||||||||
Pre-crisis (2006) | ||||||||||||
Unemployed | 0.789 [0.691–0.901] | *** | ||||||||||
Unem_never | 0.709 [0.358–1.404] | |||||||||||
Unem_6 | 0.886 [0.731–1.073] | 0.868 [0.716–1.051] | ||||||||||
Unem_6_12 | 0.529 [0.362–0.774] | *** | 0.519 [0.355–0.760] | *** | ||||||||
Unem_12 | 0.821 [0.666–1.011] | * | 0.806 [0.654–0.993] | ** | ||||||||
Age | 1.037 [1.033–1.041] | *** | 1.037 [1.033–1.041] | *** | 1.037 [1.033–1.041] | *** | 1.037 [1.033–1.041] | *** | 1.037 [1.033–1.042] | *** | 1.037 [1.033–1.041] | *** |
Male | 4.166 [3.834–4.526] | *** | 4.217 [3.833–4.581] | *** | 4.217 [3.883–4.580] | *** | 4.214 [3.880–4.577] | *** | 4.200 [3.887–4.563] | *** | 4.177 [3.845–4.538] | *** |
Educ2 | 0.983 [0.864–1.118] | 0.989 [0.869–1.125] | 0.988 [0.867–1.124] | 0.989 [0.869–1.125] | 0.987 [0.868–1.123] | 0.984 [0.865–1.121] | ||||||
Educ3 | 0.898 [0.804–1.002] | ** | 0.909 [0.815–1.014] | * | 0.908 [0.814–1.013] | * | 0.907 [0.813–1.012] | * | 0.906 [0.812–1.011] | * | 0.900 [0.806–1.004] | * |
Educ4 | 0.978 [0.842–1.136] | 0.992 [0.855–1.151] | 0.991 [0.853–1.150] | 0.992 [0.855–1.151] | 0.989 [0.852–1.147] | 0.982 [0.846–1.140] | ||||||
Educ5 | 0.845 [0.755–0.946] | *** | 0.863 [0.771–0.965] | *** | 0.860 [0.769–0.961] | *** | 0.859 [0.768–0.960] | *** | 0.857 [0.767–0.959] | *** | 0.847 [0.757–0.948] | *** |
Married | 0.958 [0.881–1.042] | 0.971 [0.893–1.055] | 0.969 [0.892–1.053] | 0.965 [0.887–1.049] | 0.967 [0.889–1.052] | 0.957 [0.880–1.041] | ||||||
Nationality | 0.650 [0.559–0.757] | *** | 0.651 [0.559–0.757] | *** | 0.652 [0.560–0.759] | *** | 0.650 [0.558–0.756] | *** | 0.649 [0.558–0.755] | *** | 0.649 [0.557–0.755] | *** |
Pseudo R2 | 0.106 | 0.105 | 0.105 | 0.106 | 0.105 | 0.106 | ||||||
Variable | ||||||||||||
Crisis (2011–2012) | ||||||||||||
Unemployed | 1.014 [0.914–1.126] | |||||||||||
Unem_never | 0.587 [0.316–1.090] | * | ||||||||||
Unem_6 | 1.276 [1.074–1.514] | *** | 1.263 [1.063–1.501] | *** | ||||||||
Unem_6_12 | 1.033 [0.816–1.309] | 1.039 [0.820–1.318] | ||||||||||
Unem_12 | 0.884 [0.768–1.116] | * | 0.899 [0.781–1.035] | |||||||||
Age | 1.027 [1.023–1.030] | *** | 1.026 [1.022–1.030] | *** | 1.027 [1.023–1.030] | *** | 1.026 [1.023–1.030] | *** | 1.026 [1.023–1.030] | *** | 1.027 [1.023–1.030] | *** |
Male | 4.468 [4.112–4.855] | *** | 4.465 [4.109–4.850] | *** | 4.457 [4.102–4.843] | *** | 4.469 [4.114–4.856] | *** | 4.477 [4.121–4.865] | *** | 4.463 [4.108–4.850] | *** |
Educ2 | 0.909 [0.820–1.007] | * | 0.912 [0.823–1.010] | * | 0.903 [0.815–1.000] | ** | 0.909 [0.821–1.007] | * | 0.914 [0.825–1.013] | * | 0.906 [0.818–1.004] | * |
Educ3 | 1.364 [1.191–1.561] | *** | 1.355 [1.184–1.550] | *** | 1.369 [1.197–1.567] | *** | 1.362 [1.190–1.559] | *** | 1.354 [1.183–1.550] | *** | 1.362 [1.190–1.560] | *** |
Educ4 | 1.352 [1.132–1.614] | *** | 1.342 [1.124–1.602] | *** | 1.359 [1.139–1.622] | *** | 1.350 [1.131–1.611] | *** | 1.338 [1.121–1.597] | *** | 1.348 [1.130–1.610] | *** |
Educ5 | 1.379 [1.196–1.590] | *** | 1.371 [1.189–1.580] | *** | 1.386 [1.202–1.597] | *** | 1.377 [1.195–1.587] | *** | 1.362 [1.181–1.570] | *** | 1.373 [1.191–1.584] | *** |
Married | 0.825 [0.759–0.896] | *** | 0.823 [0.757–0.894] | *** | 0.825 [0.759–0.896] | *** | 0.825 [0.759–0.896] | *** | 0.821 [0.755–0.892] | *** | 0.822 [0.756–0.893] | *** |
Nationality | 0.743 [0.645–0.856] | *** | 0.744 [0.647–0.857] | *** | 0.738 [0.641–0.850] | *** | 0.743 [0.646–0.856] | *** | 0.747 [0.649–0.861] | *** | 0.740 [0.643–0.853] | *** |
Pseudo R2 | 0.096 | 0.096 | 0.096 | 0.096 | 0.096 | 0.096 |