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Table 2 Logistic Estimation. Dependent Variable: drinker

From: Do the unemployed hit the bottle during economic downturns? An empirical approach for Spain

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Variable/specification

 Pre-crisis (2006)

  Unemployed

0.789 [0.691–0.901]

***

          

  Unem_never

  

0.709 [0.358–1.404]

         

  Unem_6

    

0.886 [0.731–1.073]

     

0.868 [0.716–1.051]

 

  Unem_6_12

      

0.529 [0.362–0.774]

***

  

0.519 [0.355–0.760]

***

  Unem_12

        

0.821 [0.666–1.011]

*

0.806 [0.654–0.993]

**

  Age

1.037 [1.033–1.041]

***

1.037 [1.033–1.041]

***

1.037 [1.033–1.041]

***

1.037 [1.033–1.041]

***

1.037 [1.033–1.042]

***

1.037 [1.033–1.041]

***

  Male

4.166 [3.834–4.526]

***

4.217 [3.833–4.581]

***

4.217 [3.883–4.580]

***

4.214 [3.880–4.577]

***

4.200 [3.887–4.563]

***

4.177 [3.845–4.538]

***

  Educ2

0.983 [0.864–1.118]

 

0.989 [0.869–1.125]

 

0.988 [0.867–1.124]

 

0.989 [0.869–1.125]

 

0.987 [0.868–1.123]

 

0.984 [0.865–1.121]

 

  Educ3

0.898 [0.804–1.002]

**

0.909 [0.815–1.014]

*

0.908 [0.814–1.013]

*

0.907 [0.813–1.012]

*

0.906 [0.812–1.011]

*

0.900 [0.806–1.004]

*

  Educ4

0.978 [0.842–1.136]

 

0.992 [0.855–1.151]

 

0.991 [0.853–1.150]

 

0.992 [0.855–1.151]

 

0.989 [0.852–1.147]

 

0.982 [0.846–1.140]

 

  Educ5

0.845 [0.755–0.946]

***

0.863 [0.771–0.965]

***

0.860 [0.769–0.961]

***

0.859 [0.768–0.960]

***

0.857 [0.767–0.959]

***

0.847 [0.757–0.948]

***

  Married

0.958 [0.881–1.042]

 

0.971 [0.893–1.055]

 

0.969 [0.892–1.053]

 

0.965 [0.887–1.049]

 

0.967 [0.889–1.052]

 

0.957 [0.880–1.041]

 

  Nationality

0.650 [0.559–0.757]

***

0.651 [0.559–0.757]

***

0.652 [0.560–0.759]

***

0.650 [0.558–0.756]

***

0.649 [0.558–0.755]

***

0.649 [0.557–0.755]

***

  Pseudo R2

0.106

0.105

0.105

0.106

0.105

0.106

Variable

 Crisis (2011–2012)

  Unemployed

1.014 [0.914–1.126]

           

  Unem_never

  

0.587 [0.316–1.090]

*

        

  Unem_6

    

1.276 [1.074–1.514]

***

    

1.263 [1.063–1.501]

***

  Unem_6_12

      

1.033 [0.816–1.309]

   

1.039 [0.820–1.318]

 

  Unem_12

        

0.884 [0.768–1.116]

*

0.899 [0.781–1.035]

 

  Age

1.027 [1.023–1.030]

***

1.026 [1.022–1.030]

***

1.027 [1.023–1.030]

***

1.026 [1.023–1.030]

***

1.026 [1.023–1.030]

***

1.027 [1.023–1.030]

***

  Male

4.468 [4.112–4.855]

***

4.465 [4.109–4.850]

***

4.457 [4.102–4.843]

***

4.469 [4.114–4.856]

***

4.477 [4.121–4.865]

***

4.463 [4.108–4.850]

***

  Educ2

0.909 [0.820–1.007]

*

0.912 [0.823–1.010]

*

0.903 [0.815–1.000]

**

0.909 [0.821–1.007]

*

0.914 [0.825–1.013]

*

0.906 [0.818–1.004]

*

  Educ3

1.364 [1.191–1.561]

***

1.355 [1.184–1.550]

***

1.369 [1.197–1.567]

***

1.362 [1.190–1.559]

***

1.354 [1.183–1.550]

***

1.362 [1.190–1.560]

***

  Educ4

1.352 [1.132–1.614]

***

1.342 [1.124–1.602]

***

1.359 [1.139–1.622]

***

1.350 [1.131–1.611]

***

1.338 [1.121–1.597]

***

1.348 [1.130–1.610]

***

  Educ5

1.379 [1.196–1.590]

***

1.371 [1.189–1.580]

***

1.386 [1.202–1.597]

***

1.377 [1.195–1.587]

***

1.362 [1.181–1.570]

***

1.373 [1.191–1.584]

***

  Married

0.825 [0.759–0.896]

***

0.823 [0.757–0.894]

***

0.825 [0.759–0.896]

***

0.825 [0.759–0.896]

***

0.821 [0.755–0.892]

***

0.822 [0.756–0.893]

***

  Nationality

0.743 [0.645–0.856]

***

0.744 [0.647–0.857]

***

0.738 [0.641–0.850]

***

0.743 [0.646–0.856]

***

0.747 [0.649–0.861]

***

0.740 [0.643–0.853]

***

  Pseudo R2

0.096

0.096

0.096

0.096

0.096

0.096

  1. 95% CI in square brackets
  2. Education is categorized in terms of five levels of educational attainment (Educ1-Educ5, with Educ1 “primary education or below” being the reference category. Educ2: Compulsory secondary education; Educ3: Non-compulsory and pre-university secondary education; Educ4: Specific labour training; Educ5: University graduate
  3. Observations: 14,696 for 2006 and 14,981 for 2011–2012
  4. Reference category: the reverse one for each dichotomous variable
  5. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.10