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Table 1 The average energy/macronutrients/micronutrients intake with the recommendations and percentage of subjects achieving recommendations

From: Diet optimization using linear programming to develop low cost cancer prevention food plan for selected adults in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Energy/Macronutrient / Micronutrient

Average Intake ± SP

Percentage of Intake from Energy

Recommendation

% Of subjects achieving Recommendation

Energy (kcal)

1580 ± 300

  

70.5

Protein (g)

56 ± 18.5

14.7% ± 4.6%

10–20%3

78

Carbohydrates (g)

203 ± 45.8

53.5% ± 11.2%

50–65%3

66

Fat (g)

48 ± 17.09

28.5% ± 9.5

25–30%3

59

Cholesterol (mg)

184 ± 91

<  300 mg/day3

89

Saturated Fat (g)

15 ± 6.8

9% ± 1%

< 10%1

79

Monounsaturated (g)

11 ± 5

6.5% ± 2.5%

12–15%3

2

Polyunsaturated (g)

9 ± 4

5.3% ± 2.5%

3–7%3

33

Fibre (g)

7.5 ± 4

25–301

0

Sodium (mg)

2585 ± 544

<  20001

20

Potassium

1181 ± 483

≥ 47003

0

Vitamin A

954 ± 812

600–30003

80

Beta-Carotene

1061 ± 813

25001

6

Vitamin E (mg)

4 ± 2.3

7.5–10003

10

Vitamin K (μg)

32 ± 20

55–10003

15

Vitamin C (mg)

36 ± 25

70–20003

8

Vitamin B12 (μg)

2 ± 1.5

≥ 43

20

Folate (μg)

124 ± 76.6

400–10003

2

Iron (mg)

13 ± 5.2

29–453

0

Calcium

418 ± 226

1000–25003

0

Thiamine (mg)

1 ± 0.2

≥1.13

33

Riboflavin (mg)

1 ± 0.9

≥ 1.13

45

Niacin (mg)

11 ± 4

14–353

26

Zinc (mg)

5.5 ± 1.61

4.7–353

30

Magnesium (mg)

124 ± 70.8

320–5003

0

Copper (mg)

0.6 ± 0.5

0.9–23

10

Selenium (μg)

35 ± 18.4

24–4003

66

Phosphorus (mg)

822 ± 322

700–30003

67

Sugar (g)

51 ± 19.8

< 103 (50 g)

44

  1. Source: 1WCRF/AICR 2007, 2MDG 2010, 3RNI 2017