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Table 2 Multivariate logistic regression analyses examining predictors of work bullying among employees (N = 5235)

From: Workplace bullying and psychological distress of employees across socioeconomic strata: a cross-sectional study

Predictors

p-value

Adjusted OR

95% CI

Gender

 Male (Ref.)

1.00

 Female

0.001

1.27

1.12–1.44

Age

0.216

1.01

1.00–1.02

Marital status

 Single

0.395

0.89

0.68–1.17

 Married

0.246

0.86

0.66–1.11

 Separated/ Divorced/ Widowed/ Other (Ref.)

1.00

Educational attainment

 No formal education, primary, secondary level

0.223

0.86

0.67–1.10

 Post secondary

0.538

0.93

0.74–1.17

 Undergraduate degree

0.480

0.91

0.70–1.18

 Postgraduate degree (Ref.)

1.00

Individual income

 ≤ RM 3999 (Ref.)

1.00

 RM 4000 to RM 7999

0.008

1.24

1.06–1.45

 RM 8000 and above

0.002

1.31

1.10–1.56

Psychological distress (K6)

0.001

1.15

1.13–1.16