Factors associated with different smoking statuses among Malaysian adolescent smokers: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health

Table 2 The association between demographic and socioeconomic characteristics with smoking status (N = 422)

Characteristic	Sole CC (n = 114)	Sole EC (n = 178)	Dual Users (CC and EC) (n = 130)	Chi-Square P-value
Form				< 0. 001
Form 1	6	20	9
Form 2	34	36	24
Form 3	36	16	38
Form 4	31	61	33
Form 5	7	45	26
Age				< 0. 001
13	6	19	9
14	34	35	24
15	36	18	36
16	31	58	34
17	7	48	27
Gender				< 0. 001
Male	111	164	106
Female	3	14	24
Ethnicity				< 0. 001
Bumiputra	106	115	110
Non-bumiputra	8	63	20
Daily Pocket Allowance (MYR)				0.305
< 2	10	6	2
2- < 5	52	78	38
5- < 10	42	74	42
≥10	10	20	8
Household Monthly Family Income (MYR)				0.005
1000 and below	15	5	7
1001-RM 4000	91	148	108
4000 and above	8	25	15
Part-time Worker				0.003
Yes	22	11	18
No	92	167	112
HONC				< 0. 001
Not Hooked (< 1)	10	67	13
Hooked (≥1)	104	111	117
CO ppm				< 0. 001
Non-Smoker (1–3)	75	164	98
Light Smoker (4–6)	28	11	21
Regular Smoker (≥7)	11	3	11

CO carbon monoxide, ppm parts per million, SD standard deviation, HONC Hooked on Nicotine Checklist

ISSN: 1471-2458