Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the sample by vaping status
Variable | Total, n (%) 1042 (100) | E-cigarette-only user, n (%) 859 (82.4) | Dual user, n (%) 183 (17.6) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||
Male | 859 (82.9) | 726 (85.0) | 133 (73.1) | < 0.001 |
Female | 177 (17.1) | 128 (15.0) | 49 (26.9) | |
Age (years) | ||||
Mean (SD) | 38.9 (11.8) | 38.8 (11.7) | 39.0 (12.6) | 0.843 |
Education | ||||
Technical school or less (without graduation certificate) | 235 (24.6) | 200 (25.4) | 35 (21.0) | 0.120 |
High school or vocational school (with graduation certificate) | 416 (43.6) | 348 (44.2) | 68 (40.7) | |
College or university | 303 (31.8) | 239 (30.4) | 64 (38.3) | |
Time since started using e-cigarette | ||||
Less than 6 months ago | 195 (19.0) | 147 (17.3) | 48 (26.7) | 0.007 |
6–12 months | 192 (18.7) | 155 (18.3) | 37 (20.6) | |
1–2 years | 219 (21.3) | 181 (21.3) | 38 (21.1) | |
More than 2 years ago | 423 (41.1) | 366 (43.1) | 57 (31.7) | |
Frequency of e-cigarette use | ||||
Non-daily | 21 (2.0) | 8 (0.9) | 13 (7.2) | < 0.001 |
1–10 times a day | 103 (10.0) | 76 (9.0) | 27 (15.0) | |
11–19 times a day | 234 (22.8) | 184 (21.7) | 50 (27.8) | |
≥ 20 times a day | 668 (65.1) | 578 (68.3) | 90 (50.0) | |
Combustible cigarettes smoked per day (before started using e-cigarette) | ||||
≤ 10 cigarettes per day | 101 (9.7) | 82 (9.5) | 19 (10.7) | 0.468 |
11–19 cigarettes per day | 307 (29.6) | 249 (29.0) | 58 (32.8) | |
≥ 20 cigarettes per day | 628 (60.6) | 528 (61.5) | 100 (56.5) | |
Nicotine concentration of e-liquid | ||||
0 mg | 77 (7.5) | 60 (7.0) | 17 (9.4) | 0.009 |
1–6 mg | 514 (49.8) | 444 (52.1) | 70 (38.7) | |
7–12 mg | 349 (33.8) | 272 (31.9) | 77 (42.5) | |
≥ 13 mg | 93 (9.0) | 76 (8.9) | 17 (9.4) | |