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Table 3 Joinpoint Regression Results Post-CEDAW Ratification

From: Can the health effects of widely-held societal norms be evaluated? An analysis of the United Nations convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women (UN-CEDAW)

Health Indicator

Mean

Trend 1

Trend 2

Trend 3

Trend 4

AAPC (95% CI)

Ratification Year

20 Years Post-Ratification

Year

APC (95% CI)

Year

APC (95% CI)

Year

APC (95% CI)

Year

APC (95% CI)

Overall (0–20 Years)

Low Income Countries

Female Mortality Rate

307.01

281.51

0–3

0.1 (−0.3, 0.6)

3–11

0.5 (0.4, 0.6)

11–15

-0.6 (−1.1, −0.2)

15–20

−2.2 (−2.3, −2.0)

−0.5 (−0.6, −0.3)

Female Life Expectancy

53.78

59.11

0–4

0.4 (0.3, 0.6)

4–13

0.1 (0.1, 0.2)

13–20

1.0 (0.9, 1.0)

0.5 (0.4, 0.5)

Middle Income Countries

Female Mortality Rate

202.18

169.57

0–10

−0.2 (−0.2, − 0.1)

10–18

−1.2 (− 1.3, − 1.0)

18–20

−3.9 (−5.5, − 2.4)

−0.9 (− 1.1, − 0.8)

Female Life Expectancy

65.00

69.91

0–12

0.3 (0.3, 0.3)

12–20

0.4 (0.4–0.5)

0.4 (0.3, 0.4)

High Income Countries

Female Mortality Rate

97.84

77.06

0–7

−1.6 (− 1.9, − 1.4)

7–13

−0.7 (− 1.1, − 0.3)

13–17

− 2.0 (− 3.0, − 1.0)

17–20

− 0.1 (− 1.2, 1.0)

−1.2 (− 1.5, − 0.9)

Female Life Expectancy

76.08

79.96

0–7

0.3 (0.3, 0.3)

7–12

0.1 (0.1, 0.2)

12–15

0.4 (0.1, 0.7)

15–20

0.2 (0.2, 0.3)

0.2 (0.2, 0.3)

  1. APC annual % change, AAPC average annual % change