Table 4 Ecological level characteristics of newly identified sexually active individuals compared to those who self-reported sexually active in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
La | Variables | Categories | Reported Sexually Active (N = 1066) | Newly identified as sexually active (N = 223) |  | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n/N | Unadjusted | Adjusted % | n/N | Unadjusted | Adjusted % | p-value | |||
I | Biological Sex | Male | 619/1066 | 58.1 | 57.6 | 75/223 | 33.6 | 32.0 | < 0.000 |
Female | 447/1066 | 41.9 | 42.4 | 148/223 | 66.4 | 68.0 | < 0.000 | ||
I | Age | ≤15 years old | 178/1066 | 16.70 | 18.0 | 80/223 | 35.9 | 35.2 | 0.008 |
16–17 years old | 416/1066 | 39.02 | 40.6 | 81/223 | 36.3 | 35.2 | 0.302 | ||
18–19 years old | 342/1066 | 32.08 | 30.1 | 45/223 | 20.2 | 19.9 | 0.040 | ||
≥20 years old | 130/1066 | 12.20 | 11.3 | 17/223 | 7.6 | 9.6 | 0.757 | ||
I | Importance of going to school | Not Important | 29/1050 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 5/221 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 0.719 |
Important | 1021/1050 | 97.2 | 97.4 | 216/221 | 97.7 | 97.7 | 0.719 | ||
I | Importance of not falling pregnant at school | Not Important | 299/1033 | 28.9 | 28.5 | 62/221 | 28.1 | 28.9 | 0.918 |
Important | 734/1033 | 71.1 | 71.5 | 159/221 | 71.9 | 71.1 | 0.920 | ||
I | Currently using contraception | No | 241/465 | 51.8 | 53.2 | 19/37 | 48.6 | 45.6 | 0.398 |
Yes | 224/465 | 48.2 | 46.5 | 18/37 | 51.4 | 54.4 | 0.523 | ||
I | Risk Perception | No risk | 204/899 | 22.7 | 22.9 | 66/199 | 33.2 | 32.4 | 0.036 |
At risk | 695/899 | 77.3 | 77.1 | 133/199 | 66.8 | 67.6 | 0.037 | ||
I | Alcohol Use | No | 665/1036 | 64.2 | 64.2 | 181/220 | 17.7 | 83.1 | < 0.000 |
Yes | 371/1036 | 35.8 | 35.8 | 39/220 | 82.3 | 16.9 | < 0.000 | ||
I | Ever HIV test | No | 588/1044 | 56.3 | 57.1 | 132/220 | 60.0 | 59.0 | 0.764 |
Yes | 456/1044 | 43.7 | 42.9 | 88/220 | 40.0 | 41.0 | 0.764 | ||
R | Ever had a boyfriend/girlfriend | No | 223/1052 | 21.2 | 21.1 | 97/223 | 43.5 | 42.6 | 0.000 |
Yes | 829/1052 | 78.8 | 78.9 | 126/223 | 56.5 | 57.4 | 0.000 | ||
R | Ever more than one boyfriend/girlfriend at the same time | No | 458/903 | 50.7 | 51.2 | 97/138 | 70.3 | 71.2 | 0.000 |
Yes | 445/903 | 49.3 | 48.8 | 41/138 | 29.7 | 28.8 | 0.000 | ||
R | Pressure to have sex (peers) | No | 677/1064 | 63.6 | 63.5 | 199/222 | 89.6 | 89.1 | < 0.000 |
Yes | 387/1064 | 36.4 | 36.5 | 23/222 | 10.4 | 10.9 | < 0.000 | ||
R | Pressure to have sex (partner) | No | 708/1061 | 66.7 | 66.6 | 112/115 | 97.4 | 91.3 | 0.003 |
Yes | 353/1061 | 33.3 | 33.4 | 3/115 | 2.6 | 8.7 | 0.008 | ||
R | Gender of friends | Both boys and girls | 217/1008 | 21.5 | 22.2 | 39/214 | 18.2 | 17.7 | 0.141 |
Mostly girls | 351/1008 | 34.8 | 35.5 | 119/214 | 55.6 | 57.1 | 0.000 | ||
Mostly boys | 440/1008 | 43.7 | 42.3 | 56/214 | 26.2 | 25.3 | 0.000 | ||
F | Head of Household | Both parents | 146/1062 | 13.7 | 14.4 | 41/221 | 18.6 | 19.4 | 0.141 |
Birth Mother | 371/1062 | 34.9 | 34.7 | 68/221 | 30.8 | 30.3 | 0.254 | ||
Birth Father | 163/1062 | 15.3 | 15.0 | 33/221 | 14.9 | 15.0 | 0.989 | ||
Child headed | 22/1062 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 3/221 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.481 | ||
Grandparent | 182/1062 | 17.1 | 17.3 | 43/221 | 19.5 | 19.0 | 0.607 | ||
Sibling > 18 | 29/1062 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 4/221 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 0.413 | ||
Other | 149/1062 | 14.0 | 13.8 | 29/221 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 0.696 | ||
F | Social grant | None | 142/1060 | 13.4 | 13.1 | 32/223 | 14.3 | 15.1 | 0.490 |
One | 488/1060 | 46.0 | 46.5 | 110/223 | 49.3 | 47.9 | 0.699 | ||
> 1 | 318/1060 | 30.0 | 30.5 | 60/223 | 26.9 | 27.9 | 0.441 | ||
Do not know | 112/1060 | 10.6 | 10.0 | 21/223 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 0.759 | ||
F | Socio-economic Status | High | 411/1064 | 38.6 | 40.5 | 89/223 | 39.9 | 40.6 | 0.997 |
Medium | 413/1064 | 38.8 | 37.6 | 101/223 | 45.3 | 45.4 | 0.037 | ||
Low | 240/1064 | 22.6 | 21.9 | 33/223 | 14.8 | 14.0 | 0.029 | ||
F | No adult deaths | None | 525/1052 | 49.9 | 49.8 | 116/222 | 52.3 | 52.5 | 0.411 |
One | 202/1052 | 19.2 | 20.2 | 41/222 | 18.5 | 17.5 | 0.450 | ||
More than One | 325/1052 | 30.9 | 30.0 | 65/222 | 29.3 | 30.0 | 0.980 | ||
S | Repeated a grade | No | 405/1055 | 38.4 | 39.1 | 128/218 | 58.7 | 57.4 | 0.023 |
Yes | 650/1055 | 61.6 | 60.9 | 90/218 | 41.3 | 42.6 | 0.024 | ||
S | Absenteeism | 0 days | 154/1002 | 15.4 | 16.3 | 39/212 | 18.4 | 18.4 | 0.529 |
1–4 days | 547/1002 | 54.6 | 55.4 | 123/212 | 58.0 | 57.3 | 0.670 | ||
5–10 days | 181/1002 | 18.1 | 17.4 | 30/212 | 14.2 | 15.3 | 0.608 | ||
> 10 days | 120/1002 | 12.0 | 10.9 | 20/212 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 0.425 | ||
C | Social Participation | No | 83/1063 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 10/223 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 0.033 |
Yes | 980/1063 | 92.2 | 92.3 | 213/223 | 95.5 | 96.0 | 0.032 | ||