The relationship between responsive caregiving and child outcomes: evidence from direct observations of mother-child dyads in Pakistan

Table 5 HOME OLS regression modeling at 12 months on ASQ-SE scores at 24 months (HOME n = 840)

Adjusted HOME Models		Adjusted HOME Models with OMCI
Separate Models	Estimate (95% CI)	Combined Models	Estimate (95% CI)
1. HOME Total Score	−0.66 (−1.05, − 0.27)	1. HOME Total Score	−0.60 (− 0.98, − 0.21)
		1. OMCI Total Score	−0.83 (− 1.38, − 0.27)
2. HOME Responsivity	−1.38 (−2.92, 0.16)	2. HOME Responsivity	− 1.33 (− 2.84, 0.19)
		2. OMCI Maternal	−0.75 (− 1.39, − 0.10)
3. HOME Involvement	0.72 (− 0.74, 2.17)

Sampling weights and clustering were applied in all models
Adjusted models: Covariates include Maternal Age, Number of living children, Asset Score, Family Structure, Maternal Depression, Maternal Education, Child Gender

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