Table 2 Smoking status at the final follow-up (CDAH-2, 2009–11) by SEP life-course models, Childhood Determinants of Adult Health study, Australia*
Life course model | Never smokers (n = 904) | Former smokers (n = 375) | Current smokers (n = 210) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Individual time period (sensitive/ critical period model) | Â | Â | Â | 0.023 |
 Baseline, % (n) | ||||
  Non-manual | 77.3 (699) | 79.2 (297) | 69.5 (146) |  |
  Manual | 22.7 (205) | 20.8 (78) | 30.5 (64) |  |
 CDAH-1, % (n) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
  Non-manual | 86.5 (782) | 80.8 (303) | 70.5 (148) |  |
  Manual | 13.5 (122) | 19.2 (72) | 29.5 (62) |  |
 CDAH-2, % (n) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
  Non-manual | 88.1 (796) | 83.7 (314) | 72.9 (153) |  |
  Manual | 12.0 (108) | 16.3 (61) | 27.1 (57) |  |
Accumulation model: No. of times manual, % (n) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 0 time manual | 66.7 (603) | 64.3 (241) | 49.1 (103) |  |
 1 time manual | 21.9 (198) | 19.7 (74) | 24.3 (51) |  |
 2 times manual | 8.0 (72) | 11.5 (43) | 17.1 (36) |  |
 3 times manual | 3.4 (31) | 4.5 (17) | 9.5 (20) |  |
Social mobility model†, % (n) | ||||
 Intra-generational (adult) mobility |  |  |  | 0.002 |
  Stable (non-)manual | 91.8 (830) | 89.1 (334) | 82.4 (173) |  |
  Moving downwards | 3.3 (30) | 4.0 (15) | 7.6 (16) |  |
  Moving up wards | 4.9 (44) | 6.9 (26) | 10.0 (21) |  |
 Any mobility |  |  |  | 0.042 |
  Stable (non-)manual/variable | 73.8 (667) | 74.1 (278) | 69.1 (145) |  |
  Moving downwards | 7.7 (70) | 10.7 (40) | 13.8 (29) |  |
  Moving up wards | 18.5 (167) | 15.2 (57) | 17.1 (36) |  |