Long-term survival outcomes of HIV infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy: an observational study from Zambia (2003–2015)

Table 6 Factors Associated with Mortality Among Children on ART at Livingstone Central Hospital (2003–2015)

Predictor	N	Deaths	Unadjusted Mortality HR (95% CI)	p-value	Adjusted Mortality HR (95% CI)	p-value
Gender (N%)
Male	519	33	Ref
Female	520	38	1.17 (0.7–1.9)	0.5207
Baseline age
< 1 year	179	29	5.4 (2.9–9.9)	<.0001	3.1 (1.3–6.4)	0.0034
1-5 years	387	25	1.9 (1.03–3.5)	0.0423	1.1 (0.6–2.3)	0.7529
5–15 years	473	17	Ref		Ref
Year of ART Initiation
2003–2005	71	2	0.3 (0.03–2.7)	0.2778
2006–2009	512	43	2.1 (0.8–5.9)	0.1534
2010–2012	305	22	2.0 (0.7–5.9)	0.1948
2013–2014	151	4	Ref
Nutritional status at baseline
Wasted (WAZ < =-3SD)	182	17	Ref		Ref
WAZ > -3SD	857	54	0.59 (0.3–1.02)	0.0564	0.8 (0.6–1.5)	0.5141
CD4%
< 15%	139	22	3.2 (0.9–10.8)	0.0561
15–25%	285	18	2.9 (0.8–9.9)	0.08
> =25%	225	3	Ref
missing	390	28	3.1 (0.9–10.2)
Baseline Hemoglobin
< =8	705	40	1.68 (1.05–2.69)	0.0295	1.2 (0.8–2.0)	0.4025
> 8	334	31	Ref		Ref
WHO stage at baseline
stage 1 and 2	377	11	Ref		Ref
stage 3	471	29	2.05 (1.01–4.06)	0.0452	1.8 (0.9–3.6)	0.1188
stage 4	177	29	6.41 (3.19–12.85)	<.0001	4.8 (2.3–10)	<.0001
missing	14	0
TB at baseline
Yes	318	21	0.82 (0.54–1.49)	0.6645
No	721	50	Ref
Regimen at baseline
1NNRTI + 2NRTi’s	907	53	0.26 (0.14–0.46)	<.0001	Ref
3 NRTI’s	54	4	0.37 (0.12–1.12)	0.0789	1.9 (0.9–3.7)	0.0603
LPV/R based regimen	78	14	Ref		0.9 (0.3–2.6)	0.806
Mother took ART for PMTCT
Yes	154	17	Ref		Ref
No	885	54	1.9 (1.2–3.4)	0.0139	1.0 (0.1–1.05)	0.0627
^aChild know HIV status
Yes	191	4	0.21 (0.08–0.6)	0.0029	Ref
No	848	67	Ref		0.4 (0.1–1.05)

ISSN: 1471-2458