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Table 2 General characteristics of attitude towards tobacco smoking among 1784 participants of PURE Poland study

From: Sociodemographic characteristic of changes in smoking patterns in rural and urban population of PURE Poland study: findings from 6-year follow up

Characteristics

Ever smokers

Never smokers

P-value

Current smokers

Former smokers

Total

Baseline 2007–2010

6 years study

P-value

Baseline 2007–210

6 years study

P-value

Baseline 2007–2010

6 years study

Baseline 2007–2010

6 years study

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

Total N

% (95% Cl)

356

20.0 (18.1–21.9)

302

16.9 (15.2–18.8)

0.019

566

31.7 (29.6–33.9)

622

34.9 (32.7–37.1)

0.008

922

51.7 (49.3–54.0)

924

51.8 (49.4–54.1)

862

48.3 (46.0–50.7)

860

48.2 (45.9–50.6)

0.029

0.947

Sex

 Men N

% (95% Cl)

142

22.4 (19.2–25.8)

116

18.3 (15.4–21.5)

0.081

263

41.5 (37.6–45.4)

288

45.4 (41.5–49.4)

0.053

405

63.9 (60.0–67.6)

404

63.7 (59.8–67.5)

229

36.1 (32.4–40.0)

230

36.3 (32.5–40.2)

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.153

0.953

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Women N

% (95% Cl)

214

18.6 (16.4–21.0)

186

16.2 (14.1–18.4)

0.171

303

26.3 (23.8–29.0)

334

29.0 (26.4–31.8)

0.063

517

44.9 (42.1–47.9)

520

45.2 (42.3–48.1)

633

55.1 (52.1–57.9)

630

54.8 (51.9–57.7)

0.176

0.90

Birth-year cohort

 < 1940 N

% (95% Cl)

2

1.8 (0.2–6.4)

6

5.4 (2.0–11.4)

0.150

33

29.7 (21.4–39.1)

30

27.0 (19.0–36.3)

0.144

35

31.5 (23.0–41.0)

36

32.4 (23.9–42.0)

76

68.5 (59.0–77.0)

75

67.6 (58.0–76.1)

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.341

0.886

< 0.001

< 0.001

 1940–1960 N

% (95% Cl)

269

20.7 (19.2–23.8)

208

16.6 (14.6–18.7)

0.002

430

34.3 (31.6–37.0)\

479

38.2 (35.5–40.9)

0.001

690

55.0 (52.2–57.8)

687

54.8 (51.9–57.5/)

565

45.0 (42.2–47.8)

568

45.2 (42.5–48.1)

0.005

0.904

 1961–1979 N

% (95% Cl)

94

22.5 (18.6–26.6)

88

21.1 (17.2–25.3)

0.675

103

24.5 (20.6–29.1)

113

27.0 (22.8–31.6)

0.492

197

47.0 (42.3–52.0)

201

48.1 (43.2–53.0)

221

52.9 (48.0–57.7)

217

51.9 (47.0–56.8)

0.697

0.080

Place of residence

 Urban N

% (95% Cl)

176

16.4 (14.2–18.7)

146

13.6 (11.6–15.8)

0.070

393

36.5 (33.7–39.5)

422

39.2 (36.3–42.2)

0.050

569

52.9 (49.9–55.9)

568

52.8 (49.9–55.9)

506

47.1 (44.1–50.1)

507

47.2 (44.1–50.2)

< 0.001

0.194

0.147

0.966

< 0.001

0.277

 Rural N

% (95% Cl)

180

25.5 (22.2–28.8)

156

22.0 (19.0–25.2)

0.114

173

24.4 (21.3–27.7)

200

28.2 (24.9–31.7)

0.056

353

47.8 (46.0–53.5)

356

50.2 (46.5–54.0)

356

50.2 (46.5–54.0)

353

49.8 (46.0–53.5)

0.159

0.873

Level of Education*

 Primary N

% (95% Cl)

46

18.8 (14.1–24.3)

47

19.3 (14.5–24.8)

0.908

59

24.2 (18.9–30.0)

59

24.2 (18.9–30.0)

0.938

105

43.0 (36.7–49.5)

106

43.5 (37.1–49.9)

139

57.0 (50.5–63.3)

138

56.5 (50.1–62.9)

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.993

0.927

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Vocational N

% (95% Cl)

84

29.3 (24.1–34.9)

68

23.7 (19.2–29.4)

0.130

79

27.5 (22.4–33.1)

95

33.1 (27.7–38.9)

0.136

163

56.8 (50.8–62.6)

163

56.8 (50.8–62.6)

124

43.2 (37.4–49.2)

124

43.2 (37.4–49.2)

0.206

1.000

 Secondary

146

20.7 (17.8–23.9)

127

18.0 (15.3–21.1)

0.200

258

36.7 (33.1–40.3)

277

39.3 (35.7–43.1)

0.151

404

57.4 (53.6–61.1)

404

57.4 (53.6–61.1)

300

42.6 (38.9–46.4)

300

42.6 (38.9–46.4)

0.343

1.000

 Higher N

% (95% Cl)

80

14.7 (11.8–17.9)

60

11.0 (8.5–13.9)

0.700

169

30.9 (27.1–35.0)

190

34.8 (30.8–39.0)

0.043

249

45.6 (41.4–49.9)

250

45.8 (41.5–50.1)

297

54.4 (50.1–58.6)

296

54.2 (49.9–58.5)

0.130

0.952

  1. a): chi-square test comparing current smokers, former smokers and never smokers in Baseline 2007
  2. b): chi-square test comparing ever smokers and never smokers in Baseline 2007–2010
  3. c): chi-square test comparing current smokers, former smokers and never smokers Baseline 2007–2010 and 6 years study
  4. d): chi-square test comparing ever smokers and never smokers Baseline 2007–2010 and 6 years study
  5. e): chi-square test comparing current smokers, former smokers and never smokers in 6 years study
  6. f): chi-square test comparing ever smokers and never smokers in 6 years study
  7. *-3 participants were excluded due to lack of the information about level of education