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Table 2 Quality assessment (using the EPHPP), intervention type and outcome of reviewed studies N = 23

From: Evidence on the effectiveness of health literacy interventions in the EU: a systematic review

Study (primary author)

Selection bias

Study design

Confounders

Blinding

Data collection methods

Withdrawals and drop-outs

Global rating

intervention type

Dimension of health literacy

Outcome

Meppelink et al., 2015 [24]

S

S

S

M

S

S

Strong

Web-based intervention

Functional

Functional health literacy

        

Critical

Critical health literacy

Elbert et al., 2016 [26]

M

S

S

M

S

W

Moderate

Web-based intervention

Functional

Healthy lifestyle

Gilbert et al., 2012 [27]

M

S

S

S

W

M

Moderate

Tailored information leaflet

Functional

Healthy lifestyle

        

Critical

 

Meppelink et al., 2015 [25]

W

S

S

M

S

M

Moderate

Web-based intervention

Functional

Functional health literacy

        

Critical

Critical health literacy

Heasum et al., 2017 [23]

M

S

S

W

S

M

Moderate

Web-based intervention

Functional

Functional health literacy

Sahm et al., 2011 [18]

M

S

S

M

M

W

Moderate

Tailored information leaflet

Functional

Understanding of drug label

Walker et al., 2007 [19]

M

S

S

M

S

W

Moderate

Tailored information leaflet

Functional

Knowledge

Webb et al., 2008 [32]

M

M

W

M

M

M

Moderate

Group-based intervention

Functional

Self-management

        

Interactive

Healthy lifestyle

         

Health status

         

Access to health care

         

Ability to make treatment choices

         

Symptom recognition and monitoring

Berger et al., 2013 [29]

W

M

W

M

W

M

Weak

Group-based intervention

Critical

Level of critical health literacy

         

Self-management

Blanson Henkeman et al., 2013 [17]

W

S

W

W

S

S

Weak

Individual, personal contact

Functional

Knowledge

         

Self-management

Boxell et al., 2012 [20]

W

M

W

M

S

S

Weak

Tailored information leaflet

Functional

Symptom recognition and monitoring

Garcia-Retamero et al., 2010 [35]

W

M

S

M

M

W

Weak

Web-based intervention

Functional

Understanding of health risk

Galesic et al., 2011 [36]

W

S

W

M

M

W

Weak

Aids to support numerical concepts

Functional

Understanding of health risk

Galesic et al., 2013 [37]

W

S

M

W

W

W

Weak

Aids to support numerical concepts

Functional

Ability to make treatment choices

Haesum et al., 2016 [21]

W

M

W

M

M

S

Weak

Web-based intervention

Functional

Functional health literacy

         

Self-management

         

Shared decision making

Kasper et al., 2005 [38]

M

M

M

W

M

W

Weak

Aids to support numerical concepts

Functional

Level of functional health literacy

         

Shared decision making

Lilholt et al., 2016 [22]

M

M

W

M

W

M

Weak

Web-based intervention

Functional

Functional health literacy

         

Health status

         

Self-management

         

Shared decision making

Long et al., 2011 [30]

W

M

W

M

W

W

Weak

Self-management support by call-center

Functional

Knowledge

        

Critical

Empowerment

         

Self-management

         

Critical health literacy

Matic-Strametz et al., 2012 [33]

W

S

W

W

M

S

Weak

Group-based intervention

Functional

Knowledge

        

Critical

Critical health literacy

Muller et al., 2017 [34]

W

S

S

M

S

W

Weak

Web-based intervention

Functional

Functional health ltieray

         

Healthy lifestyle

         

Self-management

Neville et al., 2005 [28]

W

M

W

M

W

W

Weak

Web-based intervention

Functional

Understanding of health risk

       

Multi-component programme

 

Self-management

       

Individual, personal contact

 

Understanding of drugs label

Reiter et al., 2012 [39]

W

M

W

W

W

W

Weak

Group-based intervention

Functional

Knowledge

       

Multi-component programme

 

Healthy lifestyle

         

Health status

White et al., 2012 [31]

S

S

W

W

S

W

Weak

Individual, personal contact

Functional

Self-management

        

Critical

Ability to make treatment choices

         

Access to health care

         

Empowerment

         

Healthy lifestyle

  1. S strong, M moderate, W weak. Global Rating is calculated using information across all six domains: strong (no weak ratings), moderate (one weak rating), or weak (two or more weak ratings)