Table 1 Characteristics of the ALSPAC-enrolled sample and complete cases
From: Is screen time associated with anxiety or depression in young people? Results from a UK birth cohort
Enrolled singletons and twins, alive at 1 year and not withdrawn from the study (n = 14,665)1 | Complete cases (n = 1869) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Male Female | 7524 (51%) 7141 (49%) | 802 (43%) 1067 (57%) |
Maternal age | < 25 25–29 30+ | 3336 (24%) 5394 (39%) 5224 (37%) | 173 (9%) 694 (37%) 1002 (54%) |
Mother’s education2 | CSE/vocational O level A level Degree/higher | 3723 (30%) 4287 (35%) 2786 (22%) 1599 (13%) | 237 (13%) 620 (33%) 570 (31%) 442 (24%) |
Family occupational social3 class | Non-manual Manual | 9254 (81%) 2231 (19%) | 1698 (91%) 171 (9%) |
Maternal anxiety | No Yes | 4808 (51%) 4584 (49%) | 1158 (62%) 711 (38%) |
Biological father lives with child (age 4) | No Yes | 1217 (13%) 8270 (87%) | 123 (7%) 1746 (93%) |
Parental conflict | No Yes | 10,008 (88%) 1305 (12%) | 1719 (92%) 150 (8%) |
Child bullied since age 12 (at age 16) | No Yes | 4175 (83%) 885 (18%) | 1549 (83%) 320 (17%) |
Child IQ (age 8) | Mean (SD) | 104 (17)5 | 110 (15) |
Maternal depression (EPDS)4 | Mean (SD) | 5 (5)6 | 5 (4) |
Number living in home | Median (IQR) | 4 (4–5)7 | 4 (4–4) |
Early family TV use score | Mean (SD) | 4 (2)8 | 3 (2) |
TV, weekdays | None/< 1 h 1–2 h 3+ hours | 1306 (26%) 2648 (52%) 1118 (22%) | 475 (25%) 1030 (55%) 364 (19%) |
Texting, weekdays | None/< 1 h 1–2 h 3+ hours | 2990 (59%) 1177 (23%) 898 (18%) | 1199 (64%) 404 (22%) 266 (14%) |
Computer use, weekdays | None/< 1 h 1–2 h 3+ hours | 1171 (23%) 2416 (48%) 1481 (29%) | 421 (23%) 928 (50%) 520 (28%) |
TV, weekends | None/< 1 h 1–2 h 3+ hours | 1015 (21%) 2270 (46%) 1615 (33%) | 359 (19%) 914 (49%) 596 (32%) |
Texting, weekends | None/< 1 h 1–2 h 3+ hours | 2689 (55%) 1188 (24%) 1024 (21%) | 1104 (59%) 436 (23%) 329 (18%) |
Computer use, weekends | None/< 1 h 1–2 h 3+ hours | 1108 (23%) 1950 (40%) 1843 (38%) | 388 (21%) 770 (41%) 711 (38%) |
Anxiety | No Symptoms Diagnosis | 2410 (53%) 1630 (36%) 522 (11%) | 1000 (54%) 686 (37%) 183 (10%) |
Depression | No Symptoms Diagnosis | 2736 (60%) 1466 (32%) 360 (8%) | 1143 (61%) 598 (32%) 128 (7%) |