Table 3 Relative Risks for Alcohol Use, Hazardous Alcohol Use, and Drug Use Among Secondary School Students In Botswana
|  | Relative Risk for Drinking Alcohol (AUDIT score 0 vs. 1+) (95% CI) | Relative Risk for Hazardous Drinking (AUDIT score 0–4 vs. 5+) (95% CI) | Relative Risk for Drug Use (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic factors | |||
 Male vs. female | 1.3 (1.1–1.6)** | 1.7 (1.3–2.1)*** | 2.2 (1.6–3.0)*** |
 Urban vs. peri-urban | 1.2 (1.0–1.4)* | 1.3 (1.0–1.7)* | 1.2 (0.9–1.8) |
Models Risks | |||
 Sibling drinks alcohol | 1.3 (1.2–1.5)*** | 1.7 (1.4–2.1)*** | 1.5 (1.2–1.8)*** |
 Problem drinker at home | 1.3 (1.2–1.5)*** | 1.6 (1.4–1.8)*** | 1.7 (1.4–2.1)*** |
 High peer models risk | 1.4 (1.1–1.6)** | 1.7 (1.2–2.2) ** | 1.6 (1.2–2.0)** |
Vulnerability risks | |||
 High individual vulnerability risk | 1.7 (1.5–1.9)*** | 2.4 (2.0–2.9)*** | 3.1 (2.6–3.9)*** |
 High social vulnerability risk | 1.4 (1.3–1.6)*** | 1.9 (1.5–2.5)*** | 2.4 (1.9–2.9)*** |
 Suicidal ideation (SI) in past year vs. no SI | 1.6 (1.4–1.8)*** | 2.3 (2.0–2.6)*** | 2.5 (2.2–2.9)*** |
Opportunity risk | |||
 High opportunity risk | 2.1 (1.9–2.2)*** | 3.5 (2.9–4.4)*** | 3.5 (2.9–4.1)*** |
Support protection | |||
 Low support protection | 1.2 (1.1–1.4)*** | 1.5 (1.3–1.8)*** | 1.7 (1.4–2.1)*** |
Controls protection | |||
 Low individual controls protection | 1.5 (1.4–1.7)*** | 2.1 (1.6–2.6)*** | 2.7 (2.1–3.5)*** |
 Low social control protection | 2.0 (1.8–2.2)*** | 3.1 (2.6–3.8)*** | 4.0 (3.3–4.8)*** |
Models protection | |||
 Low models protection | 1.5 (1.4–1.7)*** | 1.9 (1.5–2.3)*** | 1.8 (1.4–2.3)*** |
Alcohol use | |||
 Alcohol Use vs. No use | – | – | 6.9 (5.7–8.5)*** |
 Hazardous Alcohol Use vs. No use | – | – | 10.3 (8.3–12.7)*** |