Table 1 Distribution of sample characteristics and a comparison of mean household chaos by those characteristics
From: Household chaos and screen media use among preschool-aged children: a cross-sectional study
| Â | n (%) | Household chaos | |
|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | P-value | ||
Overall | 385 (100%) | 30.1 (8.1) | – |
Child characteristics | |||
 Age, years, n (%) | |||
  2 | 114 (29.6%) | 28.9 (7.9) | 0.18 |
  3 | 103 (26.8%) | 31.3 (8.5) |  |
  4 | 97 (25.2%) | 30.5 (8.5) |  |
  5 | 71 (18.4%) | 30.0 (7.0) |  |
 Gender, n (%) | |||
  Female | 188 (48.8%) | 29.6 (8.1) | 0.19 |
  Male | 197 (51.2%) | 30.7 (8.0) |  |
 Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
  Hispanic or Latino | 33 (8.6%) | 28.9 (6.8) | 0.42 |
  Not Hispanic or Latino | 334 (86.8%) | 28.4 (8.8) |  |
  Did not want to answer | 18 (4.7%) | 30.3 (8.2) |  |
 Race, n (%) | |||
  White | 300 (77.9%) | 30.1 (7.9) | 0.98 |
  Black or African American | 30 (7.8%) | 30.1 (8.3) |  |
  Asian | 12 (3.1%) | 31.1 (6.2) |  |
  Othera | 43 (11.2%) | 29.9 (9.6) |  |
Parent characteristics | |||
 Age, years, n (%) | |||
  18–29 | 139 (36.1%) | 29.1 (8.2) | 0.08 |
  30–39 | 229 (59.5%) | 30.9 (7.9) |  |
  40–49 | 17 (4.4%) | 28.7 (8.9) |  |
 Education level, n (%) | |||
  High school or less | 138 (35.8%) | 31.4 (8.8) | 0.09 |
  Associate’s degree | 53 (13.8%) | 30.1 (8.5) |  |
  Bachelor’s degree | 117 (30.4%) | 29.7 (7.2) |  |
  Graduate or professional school | 77 (20.0%) | 28.6 (7.6) |  |
 Relationship to child | |||
  Mother | 365 (94.8%) | 30.2 (8.1) | 0.74 |
  Father | 16 (4.2%) | 29.3 (9.3) |  |
  Other | 4 (1.0%) | 27.5 (6.1) |  |
Household characteristics | |||
 Annual household income, n (%) | |||
  Less than $25,000 | 51 (13.2%) | 31.2 (9.4) | 0.04 |
  $25,000–$64,999 | 158 (41.0%) | 31.2 (8.7) |  |
  $65,000–$144,999 | 134 (34.8%) | 29.1 (7.0) |  |
  $145,000 or more | 17 (4.4%) | 26.1 (5.5) |  |
  Did not want to answer | 25 (6.5%) | 29.4 (7.4) |  |
 Home ownership status, n (%) | |||
  Own | 214 (55.6%) | 29.1 (7.3) | < 0.001 |
  Rent | 146 (37.9%) | 30.8 (8.5) |  |
  Other | 25 (6.5%) | 35.5 (10.0) |  |
 Adults (≥18 years) in the home, n (%) | |||
  1 | 22 (5.7%) | 27.7 (7.7) | 0.12 |
  2 | 263 (68.3%) | 29.9 (8.2) |  |
  3 or more | 100 (26.0%) | 31.3 (7.9) |  |
 Children under the age of 12 years in the home, n (%) | |||
  1 | 81 (21.0%) | 27.6 (8.2) | < 0.001 |
  2 | 169 (43.9%) | 29.8 (7.2) |  |
  3 or more | 130 (33.8%) | 32.4 (8.5) |  |
 Adolescents aged 12–17 years in the home, n (%) | |||
  0 | 329 (85.5%) | 30.0 (7.9) | 0.43 |
  1 | 38 (9.9%) | 31.3 (9.8) |  |
  2 or more | 10 (2.6%) | 27.7 (8.4) |  |