First Author | Gender of Respondents | Age range (years)/ mean age (years) | Area of Study Location | Education range/level | Occupation | Income range | Smoking behaviour | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Smoking Frequency | Types of Cigarette | Highest % of time to first cig | Highest % of cig per day/average | |||||||
Fathelrahman et al. | Male only | ≥ 18 | – | (not significant) | (not significant) | (not significant) | At least weekly smokers | – | >  60 min (45.7% in control group & 39.7% in intervention group) | 11–20 (48.6% in control group & 55.1% in intervention group) |
Fong et al. | Male and Female | 13–17; and ≥ 18 | Urban | – | – | < 3000 yuan; 3000–6999 yuan; > = 7000 yuan; no answer | Adult: smokers; non-smoker Youth: never smoker, former smoker, non-daily smoker; daily smoker | – | 5–30 min (35%) | – |
Zaidi et al. | Male and Female | 17 | Urban | High school | – | – | Current smokers; non-smokers | Tobacco smoke and sisha smoke | – | – |
Hawari et al. | Male and Female | 17–26 | – | College | Students | – | regular smokers; occasional smokers; and non-smokers | – | – | – |
Yong et al. | Male and Female | 18- ≥ 55 | Rural and urban | ≤ secondary ≥ secondary | – | Low, moderate, high; not stated | Nondaily smoker Daily smoker | RYO and FM Cigarettes | – | Malaysia: 0–10 (55.9%); Thailand:11–20 (47%) |
Behera et al. | – | 18–25; and 26- ≥ 45 | Rural and urban | Illiterate to graduate or above | varied | – | Never consume; Smoking only; both smoking and Chewing | – | – | – |
Tugrul, Tugba Orten | Male and Female | 19–25 | Urban | University | Students | – | non-smokers; 1st stage, 2nd stage, 3rd stage smokers | – | – | – |
Awaisu et al. | Male and Female | 18- ≥ 41 | Urban | Middle school -graduate; and other | Governmental sector; private sector; unemployed; and others | – | never smoker; current smoker; ex-smoker | – | – | – |
Wu et al. | Male and Female | < 25; and 25- ≥ 55 | Urban | Elementary to graduate or above | varied | ≤10,000 RMB; 10.000- ≥ 50,000 RMB | non-smokers daily smokers occasional smokers | – | – | – |
Sychareun et al. | Male and Female | 15–55 | Urban; Semi urban; Rural | Illiterate to Master/PhD | varied | – | Non-smoker Ex-smokers Daily smokers Occasional smokers | – | – | – |
Elton-Marshall et al. | Male and Female | 18–24; and 25- ≥ 55 | – | Low to high; and not stated | – | Low, moderate, high; not stated | Daily smokers weekly smokers | – | Malaysia: 6–30 min (25.4%) China: ≤ 5 min (27.5%) | Malaysia: 0–10 (47.2%) China: 11–20 (48.3%) |
Auemaneekul et al. | Male and Female | 15–24 | – | School and Collage | – | – | never smoker; current smoker; ex-smokers | – |  |  |
Dien et al. | Male and Female | 15–18; and ≥19 | Rural and urban | High school (youth) and low to high (adult) | – | ≤minimum wage; ≥minimum wage | Youth: Smokers and non-smokers Adult: smokers | – | ≥60 min (39%) | 15 |
Mutti et al. | Male and Female | 16–18; and ≥19 | – | Low to graduate (youth) and illiterate to graduate or above (adult) | – | Low, moderate, high; not stated | Youth: everyday user; non-daily-user; non-user susceptible; non-user non-susceptible; Adult: everyday user; non-daily-user | Smoked tobacco, smokeless tobacco, mixed (smoked and smokeless) | – | – |