Table 2 Operationalisation and Statistical Analysis of Reviewed Articles
Author | Country | Study Period | Study Mehod | Study Design | Data Collection Method | Respondent Selection Method | Respondent | Response/retention Rate | Statistical Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fathelrahman et al. | Malaysia | May to December 2008 | Quantitative | A two-group randomized design (control and intervention groups) | Self-administered questionnaire | Population based | 140 male Malaysian Adult | 80% | Independent sampe t-test, Chi-square or McNemar statistics, multiple logistic and linear regressions with p < 0.05 |
Fong et al. | China | January to February 2009 | Quantitative | A city X sex (two categories) X participant group (adult smokers, adult non-smokers, youth) | Self-administered questionnaire | Population based | 1169 adult and youth | – | Chi-square test, a mixed-model and post hoc contrasts |
Zaidi et al. | Pakistan | January to February 2010 | Quantitative | Experimental | Self-administered questionnaire | Selected Schools | 388 high school students | – | Friedman test, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, and Mann Whitney U test with p < 0.05 |
Hawari et al. | Jordan | Â | Quantitative | Cross-sectional Survey | Self-administered questionnaire | Population based | 450 students | 79.78% | Chi-square test |
Yong et al. | Thailand | Wave 1: Jan-March 2005; Wave 2: July-Sept 2006; wave 3: Jan-march 2008 | Quantitative | Cohort survey | Face-to-face interview | a stratified multistage sampling design | 3067 | 78% and 83% | Logistic regression |
Malaysia | Wave 1: Jan-March 2005; wave 2: Agst 2006-March 2007; wave 3: March-Sept 2008 | 3220 | 44% and 59% | ||||||
Behera et al. | India | August - Oct 2012 | Quantitative | Cross-sectional | Face-to-face interview | Selected hospital | 308 | – | Chi-square test |
Tugrul, Tugba Orten | Turkey | 2010 | Quantitative | Survey | Â | Â | 360 undergraduate students | 95% | Regression |
Awaisu et al. | Qatar | Nov 2011-Jan 2012 | Quantitative | Cross-sectional | Face-to-face interview | Selected public places | 500 | – | chi-square or Fisher’s exact |
Wu et al. | China |  | Quantitative | Cross-Sectional | Face-to-face interview | Multi-stage sampling design | 202 | – | Chi-square tests |
Sychareun et al. | Lao PDR |  | Quantitative and Qualitative | Cross-Sectional and Indepth Interview | Self-administered questionnaire and interview | Popolation based and Purposive sampling | 1360 participants and 15 policy makers | – | chi-square or Fisher’s exact, multiple logistic regression |
Elton-Marshall et al. | China | Wave 1: April- Agst 2006; Wave 2: Oct 2007 to Jan 2008; Wave 3: May to October 2009 | Quantitative | Survey | Interview | Multistage cluster sampling at wave 1 | 6513 adult smokers | 81.6% and 80.4% | Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) with 95% CI |
Malaysia | Wave 3: Feb-Sept 2008; wave 4: July-Nov 2009 | Quantitative | Cohort survey | Thelephone and face-to-face interveiws | a stratified multistage sampling design | 2883 adult smokers | 61% | Â | |
Auemaneekul et al. | Thailand | July to August 2012 | Quantitative and Qualitative | Cross-sectional and FGD | Self-administered questionnaire | multistage stratified random sampling | 1239 | – | Content analysis, descriptive and odds ratios |
Dien et al. | Indonesia | June 2014 | Quantitative | Survey | Face-to-face interview | Random sampling | 1177 | – | t-tests |
Mutti et al. | India | 10 April-6 August 2012 | Quantitative | Experimental (pre-post test) | Face-to-face interview | Population based | 1060 adults and 1001 youths | 98.94% | Chi-square tests (categorical variables), one-way analysis of variance and t-tests (continuous variables) |
Bangladesh | 9 May-18 June 2012 |