Table 3 Determinants of the four nutritional risk factors: high reported dietary salt and sugar and low intake of fruits and vegetables, STEPS survey Kenya, 2015
From: Dietary risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Kenya: findings of the STEPS survey, 2015
| Â | High dietary salt (Adjusted OR, 95% CI) | High dietary sugar (Adjusted OR, 95% CI) | Low fruit intake (Adjusted OR, 95% CI) | Low vegetable intake (Adjudged OR, 95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age group | ||||
 18–29 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 30–39 | 0.83 (0.70, 0.98) | 1.10 (0.87, 1.40) | 1.03 (0.83, 1.27) | 0.78 (0.54, 1.13) |
 40–49 | 0.68 (0.56, 0.83) | 0.79 (0.62, 1.02) | 1.05 (0.82, 1.33) | 0.54 (0.34, 0.87) |
 50–59 | 0.53 (0.42, 0.67) | 0.77 (0.58, 1.03) | 1.07 (0.81, 1.41) | 0.32 (0.19, 0.55) |
 60–69 | 0.46 (0.33, 0.62) | 0.54 (0.38, 0.76) | 1.15 (0.81, 1.62) | 0.23 (0.12, 0.45) |
Sex | ||||
 Female | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Male | 1.53 (1.33, 1.76) | 1.02 (0.84, 1.24) | 1.41 (1.17, 1.69) | 1.80 (1.25, 2.60) |
Residence | ||||
 Rural | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Urban | 1.46 (1.24, 1.72) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.78) | 0.90 (0.72, 1.12) | 1.12 (0.7, 1.78) |
Education level | ||||
 No formal education | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Primary complete | 1.06 (0.85, 1.32) | 2.09 (1.61, 2.7) | 0.28 (0.22, 0.35) | 0.07 (0.05, 0.10) |
 Secondary and above | 1.21 (0.95, 1.55) | 2.15 (1.59, 2.9) | 0.16 (0.12, 0.21) | 0.05 (0.03, 0.09) |
Marital status | ||||
 Not married | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Married | 0.83 (0.69, 1.00) | 0.73 (0.55, 0.96) | 1.01 (0.79, 1.28) | 0.74 (0.47, 1.18) |
Wealth band | ||||
 Poorest | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Second | 1.14 (0.93, 1.41) | 0.84 (0.64, 1.09) | 0.69 (0.56, 0.86) | 0.24 (0.15, 0.37) |
 Middle | 1.05 (0.84, 1.31) | 1.13 (0.84, 1.52) | 0.39 (0.31, 0.51) | 0.25 (0.15, 0.41) |
 Fourth | 1.75 (1.38, 2.21) | 1.25 (0.90, 1.72) | 0.34 (0.26, 0.45) | 0.23 (0.13, 0.41) |
 Richest | 1.64 (1.26, 2.14) | 1.07 (0.74, 1.56) | 0.24 (0.17, 0.35 | 0.10 (0.05, 0.22) |
Occupation | ||||
 Not employed | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Employed | 1.56 (1.26, 1.93) | 0.84 (0.64, 1.10) | 0.76 (0.60, 0.97) | 1.58 (0.96, 2.60) |
 Student | 1.94 (1.39, 2.71) | 6.66 (2.59, 17.16) | 0.79 (0.52, 1.20) | 2.66 (1.24, 5.70) |
 Homemaker | 1.73 (1.35, 2.22) | 1.26 (0.92, 1.74) | 1.01 (0.77, 1.33) | 2.98 (1.75, 5.05) |