Table 2 Distribution of NCD risk factor counts across population characteristics, STEPS survey (Both sexes, Male, Female)
Indicator | Both sexes | Male | Female | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NCD risk factor count | NCD risk factor count | NCD risk factor count | ||||||||||
1–3 | 4–6 | 7–10 | p-value | 1–3 | 4–6 | 7–10 | p-value | 1–3 | 4–6 | 7–10 | p-value | |
Total | 14.5 | 75.3 | 10.2 | Â | 11.6 | 76.1 | 12.3 | Â | 17.3 | 74.5 | 8.1 | Â |
Sex | ||||||||||||
 Female | 17.3 | 74.5 | 8.1 | 0.002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Male | 11.6 | 76.1 | 12.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Wealth status | ||||||||||||
 Poorest | 17.8 | 76.0 | 6.2 | 0.039 | 19.0 | 73.5 | 7.5 | 0.053 | 16.9 | 77.9 | 5.3 | 0.252 |
 Second | 13.9 | 77.8 | 8.3 |  | 11.9 | 79.0 | 9.2 |  | 15.7 | 76.8 | 7.5 |  |
 Middle | 13.3 | 74.5 | 12.1 |  | 10.8 | 75.8 | 13.5 |  | 15.6 | 73.5 | 11.0 |  |
 Fourth | 10.7 | 76.1 | 13.2 |  | 7.7 | 76.1 | 16.2 |  | 14.2 | 76.1 | 9.8 |  |
 Richest | 16.4 | 72.4 | 11.3 |  | 10.1 | 75.7 | 14.2 |  | 23.5 | 68.6 | 7.9 |  |
Age | ||||||||||||
 18–29 | 18.6 | 75.4 | 5.9 | < 0.001 | 13.6 | 78.7 | 7.7 | 0.001 | 23.2 | 72.4 | 4.3 | < 0.001 |
 30–44 | 12.5 | 76.9 | 10.6 |  | 10.9 | 75.6 | 13.6 |  | 14.0 | 78.3 | 7.8 |  |
 45–59 | 8.6 | 71.3 | 20.1 |  | 7.1 | 70.9 | 22.1 |  | 10.3 | 71.7 | 18.0 |  |
 60–69 | 9.3 | 75.7 | 15.0 |  | 12.7 | 73.3 | 14.0 |  | 6.1 | 78.0 | 15.9 |  |
Education | ||||||||||||
 No schooling | 14.9 | 77.9 | 7.3 | 0.088 | 20.7 | 73.0 | 6.3 | 0.002 | 12.9 | 79.6 | 7.6 | 0.470 |
 Primary school incomplete | 14.4 | 74.5 | 11.1 |  | 13.1 | 72.7 | 14.2 |  | 15.6 | 76.1 | 8.3 |  |
 Primary school complete | 13.6 | 78.5 | 7.8 |  | 8.9 | 83.4 | 7.7 |  | 17.8 | 74.3 | 8.0 |  |
 Secondary school and higher | 15.4 | 71.6 | 13.0 |  | 11.3 | 72.9 | 15.8 |  | 21.7 | 69.7 | 8.6 |  |
Residence | ||||||||||||
 Rural | 14.1 | 76.5 | 9.4 | 0.368 | 12.1 | 77.4 | 10.5 | 0.245 | 15.8 | 75.8 | 8.4 | 0.388 |
 Urban | 15.3 | 73.3 | 11.5 |  | 10.8 | 74.3 | 14.8 |  | 20.3 | 72.1 | 7.6 |  |
Marital status | ||||||||||||
 Not in union | 17.7 | 73.2 | 9.1 | 0.061 | 13.1 | 77.7 | 9.3 | 0.163 | 22.9 | 68.1 | 9.0 | 0.013 |
 In union | 12.9 | 76.4 | 10.7 |  | 10.7 | 75.2 | 14.1 |  | 14.9 | 77.4 | 7.8 |  |
Ethnic group | ||||||||||||
 Kalenjin | 9.6 | 81.6 | 8.9 | < 0.001 | 6.3 | 82.3 | 11.4 | < 0.001 | 13.3 | 80.7 | 6.0 | 0.001 |
 Kamba | 20.2 | 73.8 | 6.0 |  | 7.9 | 84.2 | 7.9 |  | 27.0 | 68.0 | 5.0 |  |
 Kikuyu | 7.9 | 75.4 | 16.7 |  | 5.6 | 76.2 | 18.3 |  | 10.3 | 74.7 | 15.0 |  |
 Kisii | 20.6 | 72.9 | 6.6 |  | 16.6 | 74.5 | 9.0 |  | 24.7 | 71.2 | 4.1 |  |
 Luhya | 12.4 | 78.6 | 9.0 |  | 8.5 | 79.2 | 12.3 |  | 16.4 | 78.0 | 5.6 |  |
 Luo | 25.9 | 67.7 | 6.4 |  | 28.4 | 64.6 | 7.1 |  | 23.7 | 70.4 | 5.9 |  |
 Meru | 6.6 | 71.1 | 22.3 |  | 6.3 | 74.2 | 19.5 |  | 7.0 | 65.7 | 27.3 |  |
 Other | 15.4 | 75.5 | 9.1 |  | 13.8 | 74.6 | 11.6 |  | 16.8 | 76.3 | 7.0 |  |
 Somali | 21.4 | 72.5 | 6.1 |  | 30.8 | 63.1 | 6.2 |  | 16.7 | 77.2 | 6.1 |  |
Employment | ||||||||||||
 Employed | 12.9 | 70.5 | 16.6 | 0.001 | 11.2 | 71.0 | 17.9 | 0.016 | 17.2 | 69.3 | 13.4 | 0.260 |
 Self-employed | 14.1 | 76.4 | 9.5 |  | 10.5 | 79.3 | 10.2 |  | 18.3 | 72.9 | 8.8 |  |
 Unemployed | 15.8 | 76.8 | 7.4 |  | 13.9 | 76.8 | 9.3 |  | 16.7 | 76.7 | 6.5 |  |