Table 2 Determinants of uptake of cervical cancer screening
Cancer screen | Crude Odds Ratio | Adjusted Odds Ratio | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
Age group | ||||
 30–34 | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 35–39 | 0.62 (0.41, 0.94) | 0.024 | 0.54 (0.32, 0.90) | 0.018 |
 40–44 | 1.45 (0.98, 2.14) | 0.063 | 1.50 (0.90, 2.52) | 0.121 |
 45–49 | 0.85 (0.52, 1.39) | 0.517 | 1.00 (0.53, 1.88) | 0.988 |
Marital status | ||||
 Not married | 1.00 |  |  |  |
 Married | 0.86 (0.48, 1.55) | 0.618 | 1.48 (0.73, 3.02) | 0.275 |
 Formerly married | 1.04 (0.53, 2.02) | 0.912 | 1.58 (0.70, 3.59) | 0.270 |
Education level | ||||
 No formal education | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Primary incomplete | 4.80 (2.03, 11.34) | 0.000 | 0.83 (0.28, 2.53) | 0.749 |
 Primary complete | 6.21 (2.65, 14.51) | 0.000 | 0.63 (0.20, 1.99) | 0.426 |
 Secondary and above | 10.03 (4.35, 23.12) | 0.000 | 0.76 (0.24, 2.46) | 0.653 |
Occupation | ||||
 Unemployed | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Employed | 2.59 (1.25, 5.36) | 0.010 | 1.76 (0.69, 4.52) | 0.236 |
 Homemaker | 0.91 (0.45, 1.81) | 0.783 | 2.24 (0.99, 5.10) | 0.054 |
 Non-paid/volunteer | 1 (empty) |  | 1 (empty) |  |
 Self-employed | 1.59 (0.81, 3.12) | 0.180 | 2.55 (1.12, 5.81) | 0.026 |
 Student | 20.92 (0.02, 22921.15) | 0.395 | 545.08 (0.34, 873199.6) | 0.094 |
Wealth band | ||||
 Poorest | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Second | 3.35 (1.59, 7.04) | 0.001 | 1.48 (0.59, 3.74) | 0.403 |
 Middle | 6.63 (3.23, 13.62) | 0.000 | 2.26 (0.92, 5.59) | 0.076 |
 Fourth | 9.18 (4.43, 19.02) | 0.000 | 3.12 (1.19, 8.21) | 0.021 |
 Richest | 11.39 (5.55, 23.36) | 0.000 | 2.19 (0.76, 6.31) | 0.148 |
Residence | ||||
 Rural | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Urban | 1.87 (1.35, 2.57) | 0.000 | 0.82 (0.51, 1.33) | 0.421 |
Heard of cervical cancer | ||||
 No | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Yes | 59.47 (23.29, 151.87) | 0.000 | 66.75 (23.77, 187.43) | 0.000 |
Tobacco use | ||||
 No | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Yes | 0.40 (0.12, 1.27) | 0.119 | 0.71 (0.12, 4.42) | 0.717 |
Alcohol consumption | ||||
 No alcohol | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Binge drinking | 2.78 (1.25, 6.19) | 0.012 | 5.94 (1.52, 23.15) | 0.010 |
 Non-heavy drinking | 2.78 (1.18, 6.60) | 0.020 | 3.78 (0.96, 14.84) | 0.057 |
Inadequate fruits and vegetables | ||||
 No | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Yes | 0.42 (0.28, 0.64) | 0.000 | 0.79 (0.46, 1.37) | 0.404 |
Excess sugar | ||||
 No | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Yes | 2.10 (1.25, 3.54) | 0.005 | 3.17 (1.61, 6.21) | 0.001 |
Salt intake | ||||
 Low | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 High (above 7) | 0.81 (0.52, 1.26) | 0.344 | 1.17 (0.65, 2.12) | 0.601 |
Physical activity | ||||
 Sufficient | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Insufficient | 2.04 (1.20, 3.47) | 0.009 | 2.76 (1.34, 5.67) | 0.006 |
Diabetes | ||||
 No | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Yes | 1.68 (0.74, 3.81) | 0.211 | 1.37 (0.46, 4.13) | 0.574 |
Hypertension | ||||
 No | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Yes | 1.31 (0.92, 1.88) | 0.135 | 0.99 (0.64, 1.55) | 0.974 |
HDL | ||||
 Normal | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Low | 0.67 (0.41, 1.09) | 0.104 | 0.50 (0.28, 0.88) | 0.016 |