Table 3 Effect of intervention on blood lipids and insulin resistance (ITT)
Variables | Group | Baseline | Week 8 | Change | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Insulin (μIU/ml) | E-ADCR (n = 12) | 9.4 ± 3.6 | 6.5 ± 3.0b | − 2.9 ± 4.1 | 0.205 |
ADCR (n = 13) | 9.3 ± 4.1 | 11.8 ± 12.9 | 2.6 ± 11.5 | ||
Exercise (n = 10) | 7.5 ± 3.6 | 7.6 ± 3.5 | 0.1 ± 3.5 | ||
Control (n = 10) | 8.5 ± 6.2 | 11.0 ± 7.7 | 2.6 ± 4.0 | ||
Glucose (mg/dl) | E-ADCR (n = 12) | 98.0 ± 17.0 | 87.08 ± 12.70b | −10.9 ± 16.9 | 0.110 |
ADCR (n = 13) | 90.0 ± 9.5 | 87.0 ± 8.1 | −3.0 ± 9.4 | ||
Exercise (n = 10) | 93.0 ± 8.0 | 92.3 ± 7.2 | −0.7 ± 8.3 | ||
Control (n = 10) | 87.0 ± 5.4 | 86.0 ± 5.7 | − 1.0 ± 5.0 | ||
HOMA-IR | E-ADCR (n = 12) | 2.4 ± 1.4 | 1.4 ± 0.8b | − 0.9 ± 1.3 | 0.132 |
ADCR (n = 13) | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 2.7 ± 3.3 | 0.6 ± 2.8 | ||
Exercise (n = 10) | 1.7 ± 0.9 | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 0.0 ± 0.8 | ||
Control (n = 10) | 1.8 ± 1.4 | 2.4 ± 1.7 | 0.5 ± 0.9 | ||
TG (mg/dl) | E-ADCR (n = 12) | 133.4 ± 47.1 | 89.7 ± 33.7a | − 43.8 ± 41.9c, d | 0.004 |
ADCR (n = 13) | 108.8 ± 48.7 | 120.8 ± 80.6 | 12.0 ± 56.2 | ||
Exercise (n = 10) | 142.7 ± 78.3 | 106.9 ± 42.7 | − 35.8 ± 55.8 | ||
Control (n = 10) | 109.5 ± 86.8 | 130.7 ± 86.8 | 21.2 ± 31.0 | ||
TC (mg/dl) | E-ADCR (n = 12) | 182.8 ± 26.0 | 197.1 ± 28.6 | 14.3 ± 22.9 | 0.475 |
ADCR (n = 13) | 189.9 ± 23.91 | 193.9 ± 21.6 | 4.1 ± 19.6 | ||
Exercise (n = 10) | 177.8 ± 33.4 | 191.9 ± 36.4 | 14.1 ± 25.3 | ||
Control (n = 10) | 178.5 ± 38.0 | 194.8 ± 37.4a | 16.3 ± 13.6 | ||
HDL-C (mg/dl) | E-ADCR (n = 12) | 48.0 ± 10.4 | 53.3 ± 10.5b | 5.3 ± 8.1 | 0.622 |
ADCR (n = 13) | 58.5 ± 15.0 | 61.1 ± 15.4 | 2.6 ± 8.3 | ||
Exercise (n = 10) | 44.8 ± 10.0 | 51.5 ± 8.6b | 6.7 ± 8.5 | ||
Control (n = 10) | 54.6 ± 11.8 | 59.4 ± 12.4b | 4.9 ± 4.7 |