Table 1 Eligibility criteria for participants

To be included are those:

 (i) 18 years of age or older and willing to provide written informed consent,

 (ii) willing to participate in the MMD model (arm) that the patient’s study cluster has been randomized to

 (iii) On ART ≥ 6 months with no periods of defaulting on treatment since the last VL result (ART default defined as missing 7 or more consecutive days of ART

 (iv) On first-line ART regimen (substitutions within the first-line regimen prior to the last VL test are permissible)

 (v) No ARV drug substitutions since the last VL result < 1,000 copies/ml and plasma or dried-blood spot VL < 1,000 copies/ml in a patient who has been on first-line ART for at least 6 months, with VL drawn within last 12 months of enrolment while patient is receiving ART

To be excluded are those:

 (i) on any other ART line regimen

 (ii) with co-morbidities requiring more frequent facility visits

 (iii) ART substitutions since last VL test (iv) diagnosed with a WHO clinical stage 3 or 4 condition within the past 3 months

 (iv) pregnant or less than 12 months postpartum and breastfeeding mothers

 (v) participating in another study that involves dispensing interval, adherence, or retention or involves receiving medications