Table 4 Contributions of the explanatory factors to educational inequalities in cause-specific mortality for lowest educated men and women
Models | Men | Women | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Level of education | Change in educational inequality | Level of education | Change in educational inequality | |||||||
Lowest | High | Absolute declinec | Percentage declinec | Lowest | High | Absolute declinec | Percentage declinec | |||
HRa | (95% CI)b | Ref. | HRa | (95% CI)b | Ref. | |||||
Mortality from cardiovascular diseased | ||||||||||
0. No additional controls | 1.58 | (1.23, 2.04) | 1 | 2.08 | (1.26, 3.44) | 1 | ||||
1. Material | 1.25 | (0.91, 1.71) | 1 | 0.33 | 57% | 2.13 | (1.27, 3.57) | 1 | −0.05 | −5% |
2. Employment-related | 1.17 | (0.84, 1.62) | 1 | 0.41 | 71% | 1.90 | (1.11, 3.24) | 1 | 0.18 | 17% |
3. Behavioural | 1.39 | (1.06, 1.81) | 1 | 0.19 | 33% | 1.87 | (1.11, 3.16) | 1 | 0.21 | 19% |
4. Family-related | 1.57 | (1.21, 2.03) | 1 | 0.01 | 2% | 2.02 | (1.22, 3.32) | 1 | 0.06 | 6% |
5. All factors | 1.07 | (0.75, 1.52) | 1 | 0.51 | 88% | 1.95 | (1.11, 3.41) | 1 | 0.13 | 12% |
Cancer mortalitye | ||||||||||
0. No additional controls | 1.50 | (1.20, 1.89) | 1 | 1.33 | (0.91, 1.95) | 1 | ||||
1. Material | 1.26 | (0.96, 1.66) | 1 | 0.24 | 48% | 1.04 | (0.70, 1.55) | 1 | 0.29 | 88% |
2. Employment-related | 1.52 | (1.14, 2.04) | 1 | −0.02 | −4% | 1.14 | (0.75, 1.73) | 1 | 0.19 | 58% |
3. Behavioural | 1.33 | (1.05, 1.69) | 1 | 0.17 | 34% | 1.21 | (0.82, 1.79) | 1 | 0.12 | 36% |
4. Family-related | 1.50 | (1.19, 1.88) | 1 | 0.00 | 0% | 1.38 | (0.94, 2.04) | 1 | −0.05 | −15% |
5. All factors | 1.36 | (1.00, 1.86) | 1 | 0.14 | 28% | 0.96 | (0.61, 1.49) | 1 | 0.37 | 112% |
Mortality from other diseasesf | ||||||||||
0. No additional controls | 1.31 | (0.99, 1.74) | 1 | 1.43 | (0.94, 2.19) | 1 | ||||
1. Material | 1.02 | (0.73, 1.43) | 1 | 0.29 | 94% | 1.18 | (0.77, 1.82) | 1 | 0.25 | 58% |
2. Employment-related | 1.27 | (0.89, 1.81) | 1 | 0.04 | 13% | 1.30 | (0.83, 2.05) | 1 | 0.13 | 30% |
3. Behavioural | 1.13 | (0.83, 1.53) | 1 | 0.18 | 58% | 1.16 | (0.75, 1.80) | 1 | 0.27 | 63% |
4. Family-related | 1.28 | (0.96, 1.71) | 1 | 0.03 | 10% | 1.48 | (0.96, 2.27) | 1 | −0.05 | −12% |
5. All factors | 1.03 | (0.70, 1.51) | 1 | 0.28 | 90% | 1.06 | (0.66, 1.72) | 1 | 0.37 | 86% |
Mortality from external causesg | ||||||||||
0. No additional controls | 0.95 | (0.39, 2.32) | 1 | 2.05 | (0.48, 8.77) | 1 | ||||
1. Material | 1.17 | (0.38, 3.63) | 1 | −0.22 | − 440% | 1.66 | (0.35, 8.00) | 1 | 0.39 | 37% |
2. Employment-related | 1.21 | (0.32, 4.54) | 1 | −0.26 | − 520% | 1.27 | (0.30, 5.45) | 1 | 0.78 | 74% |
3. Behavioural | 1.04 | (0.41, 2.61) | 1 | −0.09 | −180% | 2.27 | (0.51, 10.04) | 1 | −0.22 | −21% |
4. Family-related | 0.98 | (0.39, 2.44) | 1 | −0.03 | −60% | 2.20 | (0.50, 9.65) | 1 | −0.15 | −14% |
5. All factors | 1.42 | (0.37, 5.42) | 1 | −0.47 | − 940% | 1.52 | (0.28, 8.22) | 1 | 0.53 | 50% |